tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-82447412142211238422024-03-08T14:15:26.406-08:00Help writing papers for collegeCalculator Paper Topics Edexcel Gcsejessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-80107776158927400212020-08-24T00:20:00.001-07:002020-08-24T00:20:02.567-07:00Steve Jobs Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-30757116677675049352020-08-22T00:07:00.001-07:002020-08-22T00:07:11.256-07:00Why is high school important to you Essay Example for FreeFor what reason is secondary school essential to you Essay Sick disclose to you why. at the point when you go to class you can grow up to be anything you pick in your correct psyche to be. Be that as it may, in the event that you simply jettison school and accept it as a joke you wont get the hang of anything and youll be on the boulevards asking for a hundred dollars. You can realize what you can and be not kidding about it. Dont you need great vehicles, a house and in any event a vocation. on the off chance that you dont need it, at that point your life will be as hopeless as you posed this inquiry. Its imperative to get instruction, extremely, significant and that ought to be the most extraordinary thing in your life. Instead of celebrating, drinking or spending time with companions, accomplish something with your life for goodness sakes. Quit attempting to appear as though school is exhausting to you, you need to go. Other than having the option to find and keep a line of work that will bolster you, there are different things that are significant about school. School trains you discipline, to be the place youre expected to be when youre expected to be, the capacity to do things that you truly dont need to, to work with individuals that you truly dont need to; and to perhaps do them well. It likewise shows you how to discover things that you have to know yet dont realize how to discover; at the end of the day, how to research and how to be ingenious. Whatever it is that you need to do or are doing as opposed to going to class is the thing that youll be completing quite a while from now on the off chance that you dont take in what you need from school. In the event that its drinking, getting high. playing computer games or spending time with similarly invested companions. But, the greater part of the companions that you realize now will have proceeded onward or will be in prison. All youll have left is the destitute addicts that hang out on the avenues in light of the fact that the havens wont give them access during the day and have you at any point seen those destitute folks with computer games. One of the most significant things your kid can do to make scholarly progress is likewise one of the most essential: going to class each day. Actually, look into has demonstrated that your childs participation record might be the greatest factor impacting her scholarly achievement. Achievement:students who go to class normally are bound to pass perusing and math appraisals than understudies who dont go to class consistently. Opportunity: For more established understudies, being in school each day allows them to get familiar with school and grant openings, and to take the significant tests they have to fabricate an effective scholarly record. Presentation to the English language: Regular school participation can likewise help understudies who are learning English by allowing them to ace the aptitudes and data they need all the more rapidly and precisely even in different subjects! Being a piece of the school network: Just by being available at school, your youngster is figuring out how to be a productive member of society by taking an interest in the school network, learning important social aptitudes, and building up a more extensive world view. The significance of instruction: Your promise to class participation will likewise make an impression on your kid that training is a need for your family, going to class each day is a basic piece of instructive achievement, and that its imperative to pay attention to your duties including going to class. What you can do Asa parent or gatekeeper, it is conceivable to prepare so as to confine your childs nonappearances, focus on school participation, and help your youngster from falling behind in the event that it is important to miss a day of school.You can do this in the accompanying manners: Help your kid get the opportunity to class on time each day.Babysitting, issues with a vehicle or late transport, and the climate are not admissible motivations to miss school. Every now and again coming to class late may likewise be noted on your childs perpetual record, and will make it hard for your kid to remain found the primary exercises of every morning. Show your kid how to set and utilize a morning timer, and keep the TV killed toward the beginning of the day. Follow the schools rules and participation arrangement, and report excusedâ absences right away. Toward the start of the school year, survey the schools rules and ensure you comprehend whom you have to call if your kid will be missing. Check schoolwork. Check every night to see that your kid comprehends and finishes the days schoolwork assignments. Play a functioning job. Remain engaged with your childs day by day encounters at school by asking how the school day went, and afterward listening cautiously to what your kid imparts to you both the victories and battles. Make it a point to meet your childs instructor and companions. Find potential wellsprings of anxiety.If your youngster much of the time seems steamed or hesitant to go to class and can't reveal to you why, plan a meeting with their instructor or school advocate to discuss potential wellsprings of the tension. Keep refreshed on school occasions and declarations. Peruse the school archives that your kid brings home and observe significant declarations and dates, for example, class kickoff night and parent-educator gatherings. Attempt to constrain the measure of time that your kid misses school because of clinical arrangements or ailment. On the off chance that conceivable, abstain from booking regular checkups during the school day.Allow your kid to remain at home just on account of infectious or extreme diseases. Understudies who miss days, weeks, or long stretches of school ata time will make some troublesome memories passing their courses and making up for lost time to their friends. For more seasoned understudies, delayed unlucky deficiencies may make it extremely hard to move on from secondary school. Calendar family occasions with your childs school plan in mind.Plan special festivals or family trips during ends of the week or school get-aways. On account of family crises or startling outings, converse with your childs educator as far ahead of time as could be expected under the circumstances and set up a way that your kid can workâ ahead or welcome significant schoolwork on the outing. Plan ahead. Urge your youngster to get ready for the following school day by spreading out garments the prior night and assisting with fixing snacks. Advance great health.Make sure that your kid eats a reasonable eating routine with a lot of products of the soil, and has chances to practice each day through a games group or recess outside. Make a relaxing situation. Finally,make sure that your youngster can unwind before sleep time by accomplishing something calm like perusing instead of accomplish something animating, such as sitting in front of the TV. Guarantee that your youngster gets enough quality rest perfect sums go from 8 to 12 hours. Getting enough rest will assist her with getting up on schedule, be invigorated in the first part of the day, and feel prepared for an entire day of learning ahead! By focusing on your childs school participation, you will be making a significant stride in supporting your childs school achievement, and setting a genuine model. Recollect each day checks! jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-69327254199529651122020-07-15T15:05:00.001-07:002020-07-15T15:05:02.971-07:00Professional Resume Writing Services (+Cover Letter Help)Professional Resume Writing Services (+Cover Letter Help) Professional Resume Writing Services and Cover Letter Help HomeâºProfessional Resume Writing Services and Cover Letter Help Hiring managers spend 5-10 seconds on the initial review of one resume. From there, your resume will either be discarded right away or it will be selected for further assessment. That means that you have no more than 10 seconds to make an impression on the prospective employer with your resume (no wonder people often choose professional resume writing services?). And if you start digging, you will find it fascinating how small resume mistakes can eliminate candidates right off the bat. For example, the unprofessional email account for the rejection of over 70% of resumes. That said, writing a resume is quite a challenge if you are serious about getting a job within the next few weeks.A resume is the only chance to make a first impression on the employers. If you fail there, it is highly unlikely you will get a second chance. Therefore, you have to make sure th at you submit a stellar resume before you start wondering why you are getting no feedback from the companies. The question of using professional resume writing services as opposed to doing it all by yourself becomes all the more interesting for job seekers in this context.Professional Resume Writing Service jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-36682846691456851612020-05-21T12:57:00.001-07:002020-05-21T12:57:06.088-07:00Ethics Of Care And Relativism - 1370 Words Ethical System Reflection Everyone has their own system for determining what is right and wrong based on certain principles. This can be categorized as an ethical system, which is defined as ââ¬Å"a structured set of principles that defines what is moralâ⬠(Pollock, 2015). Ethical systems have a variety of characteristics, which create a blue print to how individuals make critical decisions. The two ethical systems I relate to are, ethics of care and relativism. Ethics of care is an ethical system which focuses on preserving and enriching relationships while also meeting the needs of others (Pollock, 2015). While relativism is an ethical system explains how what is deemed right and wrong changes based on an individual or groups belief (Pollock,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Applying Ethics of Care An example for ethics of care within the justice system is the concept of restorative justice. Restorative justice highlights mending the relationships between an offender and the vic tim; additionally, it brings the victim and offender together throughout this process (Alberta Government, n.d.). Restorative justice supports ethics of care, as it focuses on the interpersonal relationships versus a punitive approach, which is a key characteristic to this system. Moreover, the offender, victim, and family members are involved in this process, supporting that all partiesââ¬â¢ needs are considered. A personal example for ethics of care was when I was working at Park Place Mall where there was an individual who was extremely emotionally distraught. This individual was exhibiting behaviours, which are consistent with someone who was going to steal something, and was acting out towards the staff members in that store. I walked up to this individual and began to talk to this person building rapport. After some time, this individual wanted me to pay for their clothing items because they were embarrassed by the situation. I paid for the items, and met them outside the m all, where this individual started explaining how they wanted to commit suicide. Due to these triggers, I stayed with the individual ensuring their safety, while also listening to their story. Once I was confident this individual would not commit suicide, IShow MoreRelatedMoral Theories Of Utilitarianism And Deontological Ethics1266 Words à |à 6 PagesBeidong Zhang Philosophy 108 Prof. Meredith Gunning Final Examination December, 6, 2014 Section A Moral theories of Utilitarianism and Deontology Utilitarianism and deontological ethics are two major theories of ethics, specifying and justifying moral principles. Utilitarianism has been clarified by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873). Bentham proposed that actions are based upon the consequences (Moreland, 2009), and ongoing work on his theory will help in providing groundsRead MoreAct Utilitarian1168 Words à |à 5 PagesFinal Project Part 2 Utilitarian Ethics: act and rule Definition of Act Utilitarian The goal of an act utilitarian is to maximize a personââ¬â¢s overall happiness in the universe. With an act utilitarian the goal will be to ââ¬Å"Maximize pleasure and minimize painâ⬠(Waller, 2005, p.49). 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In this paper I will define each of the seven listed and compare and contrast so that it is clear to decipher each one from the other. Also I will provide an example of each philosophy to help provide further clarity. The first ofRead MoreEthical Concepts And Principles Of Business Ethics1673 Words à |à 7 Pages1) There are laws and regulations designed to ensure proper conduct in business. Plus, individual businessmen and women have their own private consciences to guide them. So do we really need to study business ethics? Is it necessary for businesspeople to be familiar with abstract ethical concepts and principles, and to engage in ethical reasoning? Why / why not? (7 points) I believe it is most certainly necessary for business people to be familiar with ethical concepts and principles. TheRead MoreCultural Relativism : A Universal Standard Of Morality1480 Words à |à 6 PagesCultural relativism is the view that all beliefs, customs, and ethics of a culture should be understood and tolerated by people of other cultures (Fastiggi, 2013, p.30). The universal standards of morality do not exist between cultures rather it exists within cultures which prevents other cultures form being judged (Rachels, p.2). This means that the rights and wrongs are based upon an individualââ¬â¢s culture so an action considered moral in one society can be immoral in another. Cultural relativism is invalid jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-45287418047943135632020-05-06T23:20:00.001-07:002020-05-06T23:20:31.684-07:00Essay on Compare Contrast - Russia, Ottoman Empire... Though it may sound heartless and selfish, the needs and aims of countries usually are the primary factor controlling their foreign relations. During the period of the czars, from 1547 to 1917, Russiaââ¬â¢s need for land and modernization shaped its relationships with Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire, causing Russiaââ¬â¢s leaders to respect and imitate Western Europe while competing with the European powers to fill the power vacuum of the failing Ottoman Empire. Russia emerged as a significant power during the 1500s through war. It fought its neighbors and expanded its territory aimlessly. Ivan the Terribleââ¬â¢s expansion brought him into contact with both Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Aiming to gain a port and outlet to the Baltic,â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Peter recognized that his country was falling behind the European countries in knowledge, technology, trade, and governing ability. Using his absolute power as a czar, he brought in foreign advisers to help him modernize, westernize and educate his people. Peter had a great respect for Europe, and his reforms had a lasting influence in Russia, though there was of course opposition from the more conservative nobles. Peterââ¬â¢s respect did not translate into friendship with Western Europe. These countries were his competitors, his rivals, and one could say that by modernizing Peter was really trying to beat them at their own game. He fought a long war against Sweden and with victory finally gained possession of ports on the Baltic that opened the way for greater trade with Western Europe.â⬠¨Meanwhile, Peter continued Russiaââ¬â¢s attempts to expand at the Ottoman Empireââ¬â¢s expense. His short war in 1710-11 was a failure, though, and nearly resulted in his own capture. In spite of this loss, it was obvious to Peter and the rest of Europe that the Ottoman Empire was in an irreversible decline. The Ottomans were quite a contrast to Europe: outdated in technology and military methods, politically unstable, and scarcely able to control their far-flung empire. It was left to Peterââ¬â¢s successor, Catherine II, to take advantage of this. She waged the first major Russo-Turkish war from 1768 to 1774, and its conclusion with the Treaty ofShow MoreRelatedCCOT And CC Essay1549 Words à |à 7 PagesAfrica Compare and contrast life in foraging societies with life in agricultural societies after the Agricultural Revolution Identify two key changes in early African history that resulted in a new period in the history of the region The Middle East Analyze the political changes in the Middle East from the Agricultural Revolution to 600 c.e. Compare and contrast the basic features of TWO of the following religious systems prior to 600 c.e. Polytheism Judaism Christianity Asia Compare the originsRead MoreHistory Essay3334 Words à |à 14 PagesChange-Over-Time Essay Question Describe and explain continuities and changes in religious beliefs and practices in ONE of the following regions from 1450 to the present. â⬠¢ Sub-Saharan Africa â⬠¢ Latin America/Caribbean Revised Question Analyze continuities and changes in cultural beliefs and practices in ONE of the following regions from 1450 to the present. â⬠¢ Sub-Saharan Africa â⬠¢ Latin America/Caribbean Rationale for Revision: By broadening the scope of the original question from ââ¬Å"religiousRead MoreJust Whatever1974 Words à |à 8 Pagesdocuments by explicitly grouping them in at least three appropriate ways. 2000 DBQ: Using specific examples from the documents below, analyze the purposes that rituals and festivals served in traditional European life. Free Response A. Compare and contrast the political and economic policies of Joseph Stalin in the period before the Second world War and those of Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991). B. ââ¬Å"Leadership determines the fate of a country.â⬠Evaluate this quotation in terms of Spainââ¬â¢s experienceRead MoreEssay Reveiw4144 Words à |à 17 PagesAP Essay Review 17th Century Affairs 1. How did the disintegration of the medieval church and the coming of the Reformation contribute to the development of nation-states in Western Europe between 1450 and 1648? a. Thesis: Rise of absolutism came at the expense of the medieval church, absolutism laid the foundation for the modern-nation state. Supporting Info: (main body) 1. German princes: Lutherââ¬â¢s Reformation = more power for princes. They have greater control of political affairs and national jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-55156251017906063222020-05-06T07:52:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:52:14.490-07:00Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles Free Essays string(86) " codes I could see some discrepancy in how or what was being billed to their records\." Values and ethical standards play a very important role in our daily lives at home and work because of what we personally believe in. Values are things that we feel that have an important meaning in our lives. Ethics are the standards of behavior of what our society appears to believe what is right and wrong. We will write a custom essay sample on Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles or any similar topic only for you Order Now My individual values and ethic have slowly developed due to my own personal lifeââ¬â¢s experiences with family, education, and work. In my reflection paper I will discuss my own personal values, morals, and ethics and relate it to my last job when I was working for a hospital in Arizona. I will incorporate my experience and analyze my moral and ethical principles in an organization evaluation of strengths and weaknesses using detailed examples of circumstances and contexts from the knowledge I have learned so far in my course study with Personal and Organizational Ethics. My personal values play a very important role in my life and they all have to do with what is most important to me. The things that I value the most are my family, religion, education, and my work. Family and religion are my two most important values that I believe to be very important in my life because family is where I have learned most of what and who I am today with my prioritizing my values, ethical and moral standards. My parents brought me up to respect and value family, religion, education, and never to take work for granted. I have had the pleasure of experiencing my parents love and support in all my decisions as an adult. Their love and moral guidance, I believe has helped me set my values and ethical standards. Moral standards include the norms we have about the kinds of actions we believe are morally right and wrong as well as the values we place on the kinds of objects we believe are morally good and morally bad (Velasquez, 2006). I only want others around me to be proud of who I am and what kind of moral and ethical decisions I make not only for me, my family but for my co-workers as well. In the future, if I am to be placed in a supervisor or management position I would want others to respect me due to how I handle certain situations with the best experience in making ethical, and moral decisions not only for them but for the company we work for. In my personal vision and mission statement I believe in honesty and truth. Not only do I believe in my own statement but I believe that businesses should focus on three different kinds of issues: systemic, corporate, and individual. According to Velasquez, 2006 p. 4, a Systemic issues in business ethics are ethical questions raised about the economic, political, legal, and other social systems or institutions within which businesses operate. This would touch on how a business operates when making decisions morality of capitalism, law, regulations, industrial structures, and social practices. Money should never get in the way of making the right decision for oneself or for oneââ¬â¢s employer. I believe in the saying, â⬠Å"What goes around will come around. â⬠If I lie, cheat, or steel; it will come around and bite me in the behind ten times greater. If I stand up for the truth and work honestly at my job it will find me later down my lifeââ¬â¢s path and bless me ten times greater. My personal impression of what I would like others to view me to be in the future when I am a manager is someone that everyone looks up to for advice because they see how open, honest, and my moral along with my ethical reasoningââ¬â¢s are followed by a very strict code of ethics. As a future manager I want to follow and respect companyââ¬â¢s policy guidelines and help others know that by doing this you can make a difference in peopleââ¬â¢s lives and even possibly save them from being fired, fined, and/or imprisoned. I think this is where the ethics of corporation come into play. Instead I want to help get them that promotion or raise they deserve. Iââ¬â¢m all about helping others and myself to make a positive change in their values, morals, and ethical decisions based on holding to a code of ethics that is going to help keep principles in balance with todayââ¬â¢sââ¬â¢ hard ethical decisions with companies that are located all geographically around the world. I worked as a clerk in the administrational department for five years in one the largest hospitals in Arizona I had the opportunity to experience many situations when dealing with moral and ethical decisions. One example was when I was supervising seven other employees in the administration department. We would take patients personal information such as their current home, work, employment, and insurance data and put it into a personal information program and file it for hospital records. I was also in charge of making sure the patientââ¬â¢s medical insurance were up to date, current, and proper medical billing was accurately inputted into the patientââ¬â¢s records. Once the patient left I would be in charge to take co-pays and then mail them bill for everything that was done during the visit. Now once in a while when a patient left and stopped by my window to check out they would ask questions and I would answer to the best of my ability without giving false or inaccurate information. If you couldnââ¬â¢t guess, most of the questions had to do with money and how much it was going to cost them and if their medical insurance was going to pay for the hospital bill. I had very little knowledge my first year working in the administration and billing department but as I got very familiar with medical terminology and billing codes I could see some discrepancy in how or what was being billed to their records. You read "Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles" in category "Papers" For example a person that had come into the emergency room for left ankle pain would most likely get a left ankle extra. I would take all their personal information down and of course most importantly their medical insurance information and put it in our data program. After two weeks they would receive their bill in the mail. Sometimes the insurance would pay for the entire cost but some insurance would not so this would put the responsibility of the patient to pay the hospital. Well, I was the one that patients would come and talk to and sit down with and put a payment plan together. They would bring in their bill and we would set out a billing plan. A few people that would request to see their medical records and reports because they just could not believe how expensive their hospital visit added up. Well, in many cases I found that customers disputed their bills because they believed that there was incorrect billing cost. Someone was putting in extra data that was not being done to the patient. Earlier I mentioned a patient that came in for left ankle pain and the doctor ordered one x-ray. Now this doesnââ¬â¢t sound too expensive but patients forget that they are also getting billed for other things than just one x-ray. The hospital will bill you for care by the doctor, nurses, x-ray tech, administration, x-ray machine, materials and products they use to service your needs. After explaining this to a patient most of them would not argue and then see that there is a bigger picture then just getting billed for one x-ray. However, there were a handful of patients that didnââ¬â¢t buy all our billing excuses. They wanted to see their medical records in front of them and see what was charged to their personal profile. This is when a code of ethics comes into play and what I didnââ¬â¢t understand back then from what I now understand today because of the knowledge I have learned from my current class in Personal and Organizational Ethics. There were people working in the billing department that would add on false charges to patientââ¬â¢s accounts just so that their bill would be high enough that insurances would be liable to take on cost to pay the hospital. There are insurances that will not cover cost if the cost does not reach a certain price and the hospital loses out on what percentage should be paid by insurance companies and would solely rely on patients to pay for the care that was given to them. When I was working in the billing department there was about 70 percent of patients do not pay their medical bills to the hospital and if they do it takes years and even decades for them to pay it off because they are only making the required minimum payment amount to the hospital. They work the system this way so they do not get sent to collections or damage their personal credit. If insurance companies or patients do not pay medical bills then the hospital could be at risk and could possibly result in future threats of closing down and putting hundreds of employees out of work. If I was managing an organization I would hope that my social responsibilities would be based on a specific utilitarian principle. Utilitarian principles require that managers pursue those goals that will produce the greatest social benefits and the least social harm (Velasquez, 2006). I would want to conduct business and perform at a level that would be socially and economically beneficial to my organization. My responsibilities would require me to make decisions that would work best for my company and the employees; making sure that no physical or financial harm would come to either one of them and to make sure that the produced goods are being met according to standard. If there would be a situation that would put myself, the company, or employees into a social or economical harm I would do my best to find an effective way to achieve the responsibilities that were given to me because of my position as a manager. Another responsibility that I believe is very important that is required as a manager is to have is the ability to do performance appraisals. It is an important part in the career development. One must obtain, analyze, and record information about the approximant worth of an employee to the organization. In my current job right now, I work at a local bank and my manager sits down with us every 6 months and does a performance appraisal. This is when I, the employee gets evaluated on my personal strengths and weakness. It is also a time for possible promotions, recognition, or the need for more training. In my opinion this is a very effective way that management can relay information back to their employees on how they are doing and what they expect from their employees to make their organization the best not only for themselves but for the entire company. If I was to analyze my previous organization I worked for back in Arizona on an ethical perspective when it came to finding out that extra charges were being inputted into patients billing records I would have to say that it morally and ethically wrong. If the hospital did not input extra charges then the patientââ¬â¢s insurances would not cover a certain percentage of the bill, so therefore the patient would have to pay out of pocket due to their own insurances not covering the cost. The hospital would solely rely on the patient to pay the bill however, because of past experiences the hospital has a good impression that the patient(s) will not pay back the hospital for the services that were provided. Is it morally ethical that the billing department put extra charges on a patientââ¬â¢s records when those procedures were not performed on the patient while they visited; only to help the patient not pay out of pocket so that their insurance would cover the cost of health care. I can see how the hospital is trying to prevent losses by adding on enough charges to the patientââ¬â¢s records so that the insurance would cover the cost instead of the patient going into debt; and therefore limiting the risk that the hospital may go bankrupt by never getting paid due to the patient unable to pay the bill. I have come to know and realize that if I am ever to be placed into a management position I want to portray a positive moral and ethical example to my company, co-workers, and others around me like my friends and family. I believe that there are principles that need to be followed and respected based on moral ethics and how they can relate to a business. In my opinion I believe that dealing with ethics in a business perspective I am following a code of ethics of what is right and not what is wrong. Ethical means accepted standards in terms of your personal and social welfare; what you believe is right (Velasquez, 2006). I may feel differently than another manager who is dealing with the same situation but we both choose to ethically make different actions and decisions base on our own experience and perspective of what is right; however, it doesnââ¬â¢t mean either one of us is wrong. Moral standards include the norms we have about the kinds of actions we believe are morally right and wrong as well as the values we place on the kinds of objects we believe are morally good and morally bad (Velasquez, 2006). For example my moral standards are to tell the truth and to protect innocent people. If my company wants me to lie about a finding on a report; I know that if I do this then I am not following my personal moral standards. Another example is if I know that my company is not disclosing any possible danger or harm to their employees due to the products or equipment that is toxic to their health they are using; then I know that I am not following my moral standards. In too many cases I find that what goes around will come back around. You can only through dirt over it for so long because the rain is going to come and clear away the findings. The truth will always come out sooner or later, and then what will others think of you for making unethical decisions based on moral standards they thought you had and lived by. However, it is possible that I allow myself to lower my moral standards due to unethical persuasions that have come from a higher threatening position that puts pressure on me. Therefore a decision or action could be forced upon me which is an example of nonmoral standards. According to Velasquez (2006), nonmoral standards can be contrasted with standards we hold about things that are not moral. For example my company may threaten to replace me if I do not do what is requested by them. It is possible that I could be persuaded to make a nonmoral decision over my moral standards based on examples like my job is at risk, my pay is good, I have bills and a mortgage, or I have a family to provide for. Nonmoral standards are the standards by which we judge what is good or bad and right or wrong in a nonmoral way (Velasquez, 2006). This is one example of my moral philosophies and ethical principles that I would not like to experience future management decision. Nor would I want to hold onto these kinds of standards in an organization I would be working for now or in the future. I find this to be a very weak characteristic that only hurts my organization reputation, me, and others that I may be leading moral and ethical examples for them to follow. We need to lead by examples in order to continue to make ethical business decisions. In order to change bad management habits or organizational conditions one must realize that there are areas that need improvement and then a plan needs to be developed. In my previous job working in the medical field for over 5 years I experienced highs and lows in regards to how management handled certain situations. Training new employees was something that needed to be addressed. Many new hires were lueless with policies and procedures. They had no experience or skills with the technology that the administrator department used. New employees were not properly trained. They were told and showed one time this is how we take patientââ¬â¢s information, insurance cards and put it into the data system. They missed vital information that was almost impossible to get once the patient left the hospitalââ¬â¢s facility and insurances were not notified with in a proper time frame of the patientââ¬â¢s visit. My manager would find missing information and sit one by one and lecture new employees how they were not doing their job right; this sometimes lead to employees quitting and complaints to higher personal that the administration department was not properly collecting the right information from patients. Instead of lecturing new employees and making them feel bad for not doing their job correctly due to lack of proper and adequate training I would set a plan in action to train new employees and set up performance evaluations. My suggestion was to place new employees in a class for at least 1 week prior from starting and have them practice hands on training with our computer system we used when taking patientââ¬â¢s vital information. As a manager I would try to find ways to keep my employees instead of losing them due them being frustrated with not understanding the importance of collecting accurate data on patients when entering into the hospital. Also I found that when my manager would sit most of her employees down in her office she was rude, downgrading, and belittling most of them. When conducting a performance evaluation it would allow the manager and the employee to sit down and talk about what needs to be improved and also what areas have been met. In the five years I worked for this organization, not one time did I get any kind of praise or recognition. Going forward when I become a manager I know how important it is to express to my employees how much they are worth to me and the organization. I would suggest that the management board come together at lease quarterly and do something for their employees like providing a group lunch every quarter to show their appreciation or perhaps allowing the top employees to take off an hour early with pay. There are many ways to show an organization appreciates their employees like a thank you card, or a certificate to a restaurant. It is our job as managers to recognize the hard workers and appraise them once in a while for their commitment and hard work toward our organization. We are a team and one annot get the job done without the other and there is no position better than the other. In a business perspective weââ¬â¢ve seen that values and moral standards play a big role in how we make decisions on a daily basis. We base our values and morals on the importance of what we feel are ethically right and wrong. Our society that we live in is what helps us develop our ethics and keeps our belief strong with what is right, wrong, goo d and evil. My previous work experience and education has helped me develop my own moral standards. In this reflection paper I have discussed my own personal values, morals, and ethics and relate it to my last job when I was working for a hospital in Arizona. I have given examples of what kind of management skills I want to improve on and continue to develop for my future organization I will one day work for. Iââ¬â¢ve realized that I must stand strong with my moral and ethical principles in order to be a good manager who will lead by great examples and help other follow in a positive way to use their moral and ethical principles when making important and vital decisions for an organization. Iââ¬â¢ve used this course of study in Personal and Organization Ethics to help me evaluate the strengths and weaknesses and Iââ¬â¢ve given examples using detailed circumstances and contexts from the knowledge I have learned so far. References Velasquez, M. (2006). Business Ethics: Concepts and Cases (6th ed. ). Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall. How to cite Values and Ethical Beliefs Based on Principles, Papers jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-17035744362890784852020-04-25T01:01:00.001-07:002020-04-25T01:01:03.789-07:00Young Adults And Alcohol Essays - Drinking Culture, Alcohol Young Adults and Alcohol The drinking age in the United States is a contradiction. At the age of eighteen, one can drive a car, vote in an election, get married, serve in the military and buy tobacco products. In the United States you are legally an adult at eighteen. An eighteen-year-old, however, can not purchase alcoholic beverages. The minimum drinking age should be lowered from twenty-one in the United States. Unbelievably, the United States citizens trust their sixteen-year-old children to drive three thousand pound vehicles. We require our working young to pay taxes. We trust the decision-making abilities of eighteen year olds in public elections, with the right to smoke, and with the choice of marriage without parental consent. Our young adults are encouraged to join the army and fight for their country. We however believe that until the age of twenty-one our young adults can not handle alcohol. There is an ever-growing problem on campuses all across the nation: the abuse of alcohol. College freshman, usually nineteen, enter college with a bias involving the drinking law. In almost every aspect other than the drinking age, these freshmen are considered adults. However, they are told by the law they are not responsible enough to handle alcohol. Elizabeth Whelan declares, "Banning drinking by young people makes it a badge of adulthood -- a tantalizing forbidden fruit" (84). This badge of adulthood is quickly attained by college freshman, who lash out at the drinking age, with binge drinking. The abuse of alcohol by young people can likely be prevented, certainly not in all cases but in many. In most European countries moderate drinking is common by teenagers. These teens have been taught about the dangers of alcohol and were brought up by parents who let their children experience alcohol moderately. Whelan observes, "Though the per capita consumption of alcohol in France, Spain and Portugal is higher than in the United States, the rate of alcoholism and alcohol abuse is lower "(84). United States parents should take the hint from Europe and educate their children about alcohol. Parents should not just say alcohol is bad and evil. Parents should teach about the effects of alcohol, how to drink properly and when alcohol is appropriate. Parents have the chance to properly educate their young adults. These young adults will experience alcohol somewhere and will be given an education by someone. The lessons of alcohol should be learned at home. There are many possible remedies to the problem of underage alcohol abuse. The best possible curative would be to lower the drinking age to nineteen, not eighteen. At eighteen many young adults are still in high school. However, at the age of nineteen most young adults are out of high school or close to graduating. The thought of high school seniors legally drinking would put a bad taste in many citizens' mouths. In Canada, the drinking age is already nineteen which entices many nineteen or twenty year olds across the border for a drink. Our young adult population lashes out at the law by drinking excessively. There are too many young adults being hurt while abusing alcohol. Too many deaths, rapes and accidents have occurred. This illegal action can be deterred, and many lives will be saved, but only through the education by parents and society. The drinking age should and can be lowered with the approval and assistance from the citizens of the United States. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-36130561450629151912020-03-17T23:57:00.001-07:002020-03-17T23:57:02.490-07:00Free Essays on Comparision Between Weber And MarxSocial class A social class is, at its most basic, a group of people that have similar society, social status. The relative importance and definition of membership in a particular class differs greatly over time and between societies, particularly in societies having a legal differentiation of groups of people by birth or occupation. In the well-known example of socioeconomic class, many scholars view societies as stratifying into a hierarchical system based on Economics, economic status, wealth, or income. Using wealth as a dimension, many have used a bi-partite model to view societies, from ancient history to the present day: *an Upper class of the immensely wealthy and/or economic power, powerful *a Lower class of the poor and/or weak With the social changes of the 20th century, a gradually developing urban middle class appeared in most Western countries, producing three strata: *an Upper class of the immensely wealthy and/or powerful *a Middle class of managers and highly paid professionals * a Lower class of people paid average or low wages or receiving "welfare". Some are homeless. (Some writers divide Middle the proletarians are those who do not own means of production, and earn t... Free Essays on Comparision Between Weber And Marx Free Essays on Comparision Between Weber And Marx Social class A social class is, at its most basic, a group of people that have similar society, social status. The relative importance and definition of membership in a particular class differs greatly over time and between societies, particularly in societies having a legal differentiation of groups of people by birth or occupation. In the well-known example of socioeconomic class, many scholars view societies as stratifying into a hierarchical system based on Economics, economic status, wealth, or income. Using wealth as a dimension, many have used a bi-partite model to view societies, from ancient history to the present day: *an Upper class of the immensely wealthy and/or economic power, powerful *a Lower class of the poor and/or weak With the social changes of the 20th century, a gradually developing urban middle class appeared in most Western countries, producing three strata: *an Upper class of the immensely wealthy and/or powerful *a Middle class of managers and highly paid professionals * a Lower class of people paid average or low wages or receiving "welfare". Some are homeless. (Some writers divide Middle the proletarians are those who do not own means of production, and earn t... jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-86305404151715337902020-03-01T15:43:00.001-08:002020-03-01T15:43:02.959-08:005 Tips to Write an Excellent UCF Application Essay5 Tips to Write an Excellent UCF Application Essay SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The University of Central Florida, commonly known as UCF, is one of the largest colleges in the United States. Over 50,000 students are enrolled at UCF, but that doesnââ¬â¢t mean itââ¬â¢s super easy to get in- UCF has an acceptance rate of 49.9 percent, meaning they accept just under half of students who apply. To set yourself apart from the crowd, youââ¬â¢ll want to write a stellar UCF application essay. Donââ¬â¢t think that the fact that these essays are optional means theyââ¬â¢re not important; theyââ¬â¢re an additional opportunity to show why youââ¬â¢ll be a great addition to the student body! In this guide, weââ¬â¢ll cover all the details of the UCF essay prompts, including how to answer them, what UCF is looking for, and a step-by-step guide to make your essay as strong as it can be. All roads lead to choosing to write the UCF application essay. What Should You Know About the UCF Application Essay? Unlike many schools, only freshman students can use the Common Application to apply to UCF. Otherwise, students must use UCFââ¬â¢s own application, which is also available to freshman students. However, there are some differences between the two. UCF's website includes a recommendation, but not a requirement, for a supplemental essay based on two of four prompts, outlined below.However, the instructions for the essay include the phrase, "The personal statements are a very important part of your application," so while they may not actually be required, you should write them as if they are. The Common Application includes two questions that do not appear on the UCF application, and reports from students suggest that UCF sends a follow-up email with instructions for how to complete the supplemental essays. The essays on the Common Application are flagged as optional, but, as with the UCF application, you should answer them as if they're required to be on the safe side. If staring wistfully out the window helps your writing process, do it! What Are the UCF Application Essay Prompts? Though the UCF essays arenââ¬â¢t technically required according to the college's website, itââ¬â¢s strongly suggested that you complete them. Theyââ¬â¢re an opportunity to flesh out your application with a more complete picture of yourself, which is valuable to both UCF and you. UCF has four essay prompts to choose from and instructs students to respond to two. According to previous applicants, UCF accepts those responses in one combined essay or in two separate statements. The responses, whether in one single essay or in two essays, should total no more than 500 words or 7,000 characters combined. Be sure that your essay or essays fall below both the word and character count. UCF has four essay prompts for you to choose from, though you only need to answer two of the prompts. The questions can either be answered in one essay or two, depending on which you prefer. If there has been some obstacle or bump in the road in your academic or personal life, please explain the circumstances. With this prompt, UCF is giving you an opportunity to explain any parts of your application that may not be as impressive as youââ¬â¢d like them to be. Many students arenââ¬â¢t able to commit to extracurriculars as deeply as theyââ¬â¢d like because of financial problems or because they need to work or otherwise help out their family. Other times, students may not be able to keep their grades up as well as theyââ¬â¢d like due to family illness or other obstacles that can make staying on top of homework difficult. Circumstances like these are out of your control but can cause hiccups in your education, which might not look good to colleges. This prompt gives you space to explain that, giving UCF a better picture of who you are as a student. So if youââ¬â¢ve encountered any hardship thatââ¬â¢s had an impact on your education, itââ¬â¢s smart to take advantage of this essay question and explain it. If your grades dipped in junior year because you had to pick up an after-school job to help your parents out, let UCF know! Not only does that explain changes to your grades, but it also demonstrates responsibility. If you can explain your GPA based on outside circumstances, take advantage of the opportunity and do so. Be honest about challenges youââ¬â¢ve faced, and accept responsibility for things that you could have done better. Your answer to this question should demonstrate anything youââ¬â¢ve learned from the experience and how youââ¬â¢ve grown rather than just shifting blame to outside circumstances. Donââ¬â¢t stop at writing about what happened- continue on to answer what you did about it. However, be sure that what you write about is an actual hardship. Being bored with your classes or being more invested in something else, such as an extracurricular activity, doesnââ¬â¢t qualify- this question is asking for obstacles outside of your control. How has your family history, culture or environment influenced who you are? This is a fairly standard background essay, which asks you to think about your upbringing and how thatââ¬â¢s shaped the person youââ¬â¢ve become. Because UCF has a fairly short word limit, be sure to pick one particular element and hone in on it rather than spending time painting a complete portrait of your family history. Information like this helps a college like UCF better understand what youââ¬â¢ll be bringing to the student body. Our upbringings often give us unique perspectives and abilities, which contribute to a thriving campus culture. In a school of over 50,000 students, it might feel like thereââ¬â¢s nothing particularly unique about you, but there is- this essay prompt helps you discuss it. Donââ¬â¢t get too hung up on picking something dramatic to set your family or culture apart from everybody elseââ¬â¢s. If you grew up in a family that really loves fishing and itââ¬â¢s made you a more patient, hands-on person, write about that! On the other hand, if you grew up as part of a traveling circus and thatââ¬â¢s made you long for a place to put down roots, write about that! The most important thing with this question is to be honest, thoughtful, and specific. Pick something that really matters to you, and think deeply on what it means. Provided you are honest, thoughtful, and specific, there arenââ¬â¢t a lot of topics you should avoid on this one, though always be aware that, if you choose to write about something potentially inflammatory, the admissions office may not feel the same way about things that you do. Your audience is made up of strangers, so choose something youââ¬â¢re comfortable sharing with people who donââ¬â¢t know you and deciding whether or not youââ¬â¢ll get into college based in part on what you write. Why did you choose to apply to UCF? ââ¬Å"Why This School?â⬠essays are common in college applications because they require you to think beyond a schoolââ¬â¢s reputation and get specific about why you want to go there. Colleges want to know that your interest goes beyond ticking another box on your college list- you should have a reason to attend beyond that you think you can get in! To answer this question, try to get specific. What is it about UCF that appeals to you? You can look through their mission statement, course catalog, and clubs to find things that appeal to you, or refer to experiences at a campus visit or college fair. Connect your interest in UCF to something concrete. For example, UCF has part of its mission statement dedicated to creativity, which should ââ¬Å"enrich the human experience.â⬠Why does that matter to you? When you attend UCF, how do you hope to use creativity to enrich the human experience, too? If you can, make connections to real-life classes or clubs that you want to belong to, such as the Cypress Dome Society or Elements of Hip Hop. What interests do you have? What are your goals? How will these clubs help connect you to your student body? The most important things to avoid in this essay response are the things everybody else is already saying- that UCF has a good reputation and that it has a nice campus. Assume that both of those things go without saying. What else does UCF have to offer? What qualities or unique characteristics do you possess that will allow you to contribute to the UCF community? This prompt is the flip side of the ââ¬Å"Why This College?â⬠prompt- instead of asking why you want to attend UCF, UCF is asking why they should want you. Think beyond everything UCF already knows about you, like your grades and test scores. Assume that every student applying has exactly the same grades and scores as you do, and then decide what it is about you thatââ¬â¢s different. What else do you have to offer? Choose something you havenââ¬â¢t discussed already, and be sure that you embrace that UCF is asking for what makes you unique. UCF wants to know about you as an individual, which could be anything from how you have the patience to make the perfect tamale to how your time leading a guild in World of Warcraft taught you about leading by example and connecting with people. UCF has lots of people with good GPAs and test scores- does it have enough tamale makers and guild leaders? Aim to fill the unique gaps only you can fill! Attending college isnââ¬â¢t just about attending classes, getting good grades, and moving on with a degree to show it. Youââ¬â¢ll be part of a thriving campus culture, and UCF wants to know that youââ¬â¢ll be participating and enriching it. Beyond not focusing on things UCF already knows, always be sure that youââ¬â¢re presenting your best self. The people reading your essays are strangers, and may not get your sense of humor if you try to be tongue-in-cheek in this section. Be honest and thoughtful in a way that others will understand, especially because this essay will likely be their first impression of you. A good notebook isn't required for writing your UCF essays, but it sure does feel nice. What Are the UCF Common Application Essay Prompts? If you're applying to UCF using the Common Application, the requirements are a little different. The Common Application includes two additional questions that do not appear on the UCF application, which are flagged as optional. Still, there's no reasonnot to answer them- the wordcounts are short, they provide extra context for your application, and they're valuable questions for both you and UCF to reflect on. According to students who've applied to UCF, after finishing the Common Application, UCF will follow up with you with additional requirements, including responding to the additional essay prompts covered above. Though these essays are optional, it's still a good idea to answer them. Be sure that you don't answer the same prompt twice, as one of the Common Application prompts is almost the same as the one in the UCF application.You only have 250 words each, so be brief and clear rather than spending a lot of time painting a vivid picture. Why are you interested in UCF? As in the UCF application essay prompts, this question is asking why you want to attend UCF. Think beyond widely applicable answers like citing their reputation, campus, or weather- assume the admissions office already knows all that. Why UCF over any other good, beautiful, warm-weather school? What specifically draws you there? UCF wants to know that you're committed to attending not just as somebody who wants a good name on their diploma, but as somebody who's dedicated to UCF's mission and programs. Showing that UCF, not just their credibility or campus, matters to you is a great way to set yourself apart from other applicants. To do this, you need to get specific. Drill deep into what makes you want to attend UCF, and connect it to specifics. Campus visits are a great way to make these specific connections, but if you can't visit, you can also comb through the course catalog, club list, or mission statement. Show UCF that you don't just see yourself proudly holding a diploma with their seal- show them you see yourself learning, growing, and participating in campus culture along the way. Discuss your reasons for pursuing the academic program (major) selected above. Like the first question, this prompt wants to know more about you as an individual student. Think about what draws you to your major beyond prestige or salary. What should UCF know about you and your connection to your program beyond your GPA and extracurriculars? Questions like this show your dedication, which can be an important factor in admissions. Schools want to know that you're committed to your studies, and an essay that shows a deeper connection to your field is more likely to impress them. Take some time to craft a response that's insightful and honest- this essay will show UCF that you're truly passionate about what you study. You don't have a lot of space to answer this question- just 250 words- so be sure to focus on one specific thing rather than being comprehensive. Did trying and failing to grow strawberries lead you down the path to becoming a botanist? Did you decide to put your reputation for bossiness as a kid to work as a business major? Due to the short wordcount, you're going to want to be brief. Don't pick a topic that's too big, and stay away from using answers that other people might use. It's great if you want to be a doctor because you want to help people, but why a doctor as opposed to a social worker? Your essay should clearly demonstrate why the field you've chosen is the perfect one for you. Believe it or not, relaxation is part of a good essay. Key Tips for the UCF Essay No matter what school youââ¬â¢re applying to, there are some strategies you can always follow to be sure that you have a good, strong essay. Follow these steps as youââ¬â¢re writing your UCF essay and youââ¬â¢ll have a much easier time wrangling your thoughts and shaping them into something thatââ¬â¢ll impress the admissions office! #1: Brainstorm Itââ¬â¢d be nice if you could just sit down and write a perfect draft on your first try, but thatââ¬â¢s not how most of us work. Instead, start with a little brainstorming. Set a five-minute timer and give yourself free rein to come up with as many possible answers to the prompts as possible, even if the answers are silly or weird or absolutely not in a million years going to work. Donââ¬â¢t worry about it! Get everything you can think of down on paper now so youââ¬â¢re not trying to herd your thoughts back into shape later on. #2: Write a Draft The benefit of getting all your ideas down on paper is that now you can pick and choose the ones that sound the best without getting midway through an essay before deciding the topic isnââ¬â¢t working for you. Cross out the choices that arenââ¬â¢t strong enough to support a whole essay, even one as short as UCFââ¬â¢s, to get those out of the way. Spend a little more time brainstorming some different points to hit on with the remaining topics and pick the one that feels strongest. Using your brief outline, flesh the topic out into a full essay. Donââ¬â¢t worry about getting it perfect the first time- thatââ¬â¢s what editing is for! #3: Edit Editing is tough; it means re-reading your work and dealing with all the flaws that creep in. But editing is what separates the good essays from the bad. Take a day or so away from your essay before diving back in to read it with fresher eyes, and try not to get frustrated as you go. Read your work aloud to help you find sentences that are too long or lacking in punctuation. Cut out extra words- those ââ¬Å"reallyâ⬠s and ââ¬Å"veryâ⬠s arenââ¬â¢t doing any work for you- and rephrase to get as much of the essay into passive voice as you can. Read it aloud again, give it another pass, and keep going until you feel like your work is in as good of shape as you can possibly get it. #4: Get Feedback Now that youââ¬â¢ve put in some time in editing, itââ¬â¢s time for the next scary step: showing your work to others. Choose a few people who you trust to give you honest, useful feedback- people who know what a good essay looks like, not just people who are going to tell you itââ¬â¢s great- and ask them to take a look at it. Leave them with a copy to make notes on so that you can refer to them later. When you read their feedback, donââ¬â¢t take it too hard. Everything they have to say is a suggestion, and itââ¬â¢s ultimately up to you whether you want to use it or not. Your essay should always, always, always be your work; donââ¬â¢t rephrase things exactly as a teacher or counselor suggests if it isnââ¬â¢t how you would say it. Besides, readers arenââ¬â¢t always right about the best way to fix errors. If the people reading your essay are confused about something, take that seriously! But donââ¬â¢t feel like their suggestion to fix it is inherently the best way, especially if it contradicts your meaning. Itââ¬â¢s okay to disagree- it is your essay, after all. #5: Revise and Submit Take another break from your essay. Always try to edit with fresh eyes, if you can- trying to make changes when youââ¬â¢ve already spent a lot of time editing can either mean you miss mistakes or that you get so frustrated you give up. Spend some time away, working on an essay for a different school or doing something else entirely before you come back to it. Now that youââ¬â¢ve had a break, take all that feedback you received and use it to spin your essay into gold. Smooth out places where readers were confused, and clean up any lingering grammar errors. Read it for clarity and flow, and tidy everything up. When youââ¬â¢ve reached a point where youââ¬â¢re satisfied, take one last break. Give yourself a little time away from it, then read it one more time. Are you happy with it? Great! Itââ¬â¢s time to submit! Send it off to UCF and anxiously wait for your acceptance letter to arrive. Whatââ¬â¢s Next? As you're applying to UCF, it's good to be aware of their admission requirements. This guide will walk you through the average GPA and test scores at UCF to help you maximize your chances of getting in! College essays should always be targeted to the school you're applying to, but there are some essay-writing strategies that work no matter what school you're applying to. If you're applying to college, it's a good idea to be aware of how to apply for financial aid.Make a plan and stick to it to ensure you get the maximum money available to you! Want to write the perfect college application essay? Get professional help from PrepScholar. Your dedicated PrepScholar Admissions counselor will craft your perfect college essay, from the ground up. We'll learn your background and interests, brainstorm essay topics, and walk you through the essay drafting process, step-by-step. At the end, you'll have a unique essay that you'll proudly submit to your top choice colleges. Don't leave your college application to chance. Find out more about PrepScholar Admissions now: jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-69525309224192961742020-02-14T07:10:00.001-08:002020-02-14T07:10:03.241-08:00Child support maintenance Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 wordsChild support maintenance - Research Proposal Example The inefficiency of the Child Support Agency in administering child support has hardly made the work easier for stakeholders in the child support industry. One of the most controversial issues is having the parents with care in the child support maintenance. There is a new legislation that is supposed to abolish this, but even though it is in place, its provisions have not yet started being enforced. It begs the question of whether the UKââ¬â¢s system that has parent with care in child support maintenance is correct in doing so. This paper answers that question along with explaining the reason for the existence of that situation. Table of Contents Abstractâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦2 Research Titleâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦4 Backgroundâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...4 Statement of the Problemâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..5 Objectives of the Studyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦6 Research Questionsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...6 Literature Reviewâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..7 Methodologyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦11 Research Philosophyâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.11 Data Collection methodsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..12 Data Analysisâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦13 Ethical Issuesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦ â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦13 Referencesâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦15 Child Support Maintenance Title The tentative research title for this research will be ââ¬ËChild Support Maintenance in the UK: Explaining Parent with Care Perspective.ââ¬â¢ It is tentative and, therefore, subject to change as the objectives of the research will direct. Background Child support maintenance has been around in the UK for a very long time. It is one of those areas of interest that has raised so much heat in the legal and legislative arenas. Child maintenance involves providing financial help for a childââ¬â¢s everyday living costs which include food, clothes and a home for the child (Wikeley, 2006). This situation usually arises when there are parents who have divorced or separated such that only one of them remains with the custody of the child or children. The parent who takes the responsibility of providing the full care for the child is the one defined as the parent with care under s. 3(3) of the Child Support Act 1991 (Heaton, 2013). The couple may decide to arrange a private family-based arrangement where the parents agree on the terms of maintaining the child. Alternatively, they may decide to go the statutory way; the child maintenance service. Before 30th November 2013, the Child Support Agency established under the Child Support Act 1991 was the body tasked with determining and remitting of the maintenance contributions. However, it was found to be inefficient as the resources it was using to run and administer its services were more than the monetary value of its benefits (Heaton, 2013). The Child Support Act is the main legislation that is used to govern child maintenance in the UK. It provides the legal framework for the payment of child maintenance (Gov.uk, 2014). It also explicates the importance of paying child maintenance and points out that it supports the childââ¬â¢ jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-33961351654469750742020-02-01T17:55:00.001-08:002020-02-01T17:55:03.361-08:00Video report Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsVideo report - Movie Review Example Despite water being a very important commodity for the people, most of the worldââ¬â¢s population has no access to it. There is unequal distribution of water, and thus, the water mandate initiative, a concept of the United Nations, seeks to bring onboard the business community in providing water to these people. This is the most important theme discussed in the videos, i.e. corporate social responsibility of the business community. Despite the business community changing since the 1970s years when the term corporate social responsibility emerged, there is more for the business community to do in relation to the society. Although some of the countries are still in their early stages of corporate social responsibility implementation, there is a considerable growth in the level of corporate social investment globally. Globally, there are different business models, all developed from the nature of the business operations. Over the years, business environment has undergone through tremendous changes to what it is today. However, there is no hope of these changes stopping. Rather, the business models will keep changing, to suit the underlying conditions. According the videos however, the current business model seeks to improve its relationship with the stakeholders and the society in general. This is only possible through corporate social responsibility. Moreover, the business community strives to establish a good relationship with the shareholders. As businesses increase their corporate investment plans, subsequently increasing their public investment budgets, they should strive to ensure that they do not compromise their relationships with the shareholders. The business model invests in various social plans and funds certain activities such as concern for the environment, funding water projects, a mong others. The most important aspect of this model to jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-28982602230062346962020-01-24T14:19:00.001-08:002020-01-24T14:19:02.904-08:00Double and Triple Taxation Must be Eliminated :: Expository Exemplification EssaysDouble and Triple Taxation Must be Eliminated President George Bush states that "it's unfair to tax money twice." This statement is actually an example of normative economics and only describes an opinion. It cannot be proven because the term "unfair" is relative to different people; however, not many people would dare to disagree. Especially if the double tax was not aimed only at the large corporations or the richest 10% of the nation but at every hardworking American who brings home a paycheck. Even worse, many of these Americans do not even realize the "double tax," and sometimes even "triple tax," that is imposed on them. Currently, large corporations are required to be taxed a certain percentage of all of their profits. This includes the money from which dividends are derived. When stock holders obtain the dividends from these corporations, the government counts this as individual income and is taxed once again. Six percent of the population would benefit from abolishment of this "double tax." However, the largest part of the income that is taxed twice is the income from the worker's paycheck. Opposed to the 6 percent of dividend holders, this affects every working American. The income is first taxed as a whole and then Social Security and Medicare tax is also deducted. The money that was for Medicare and Social Security is never seen but is counted as if the individual had an opportunity to spend it. What is worse is much of the Social Security money is received from retirees who are again taxed on the income, creating a "triple tax." For Social Security recipients, there is a fixed amount of income allowed to go untaxed but is taxed once exceeded. However, these base amounts do not change with inflation which creates more and more people who are "unfairly" taxed. Also, this "triple tax" is paid all by the same person whereas the dividend tax is shared by both corporations and stockholders. This double tax is imposed on far more people who make much less money than the di vidend holders. The Social Security tax on a worker's paycheck can only be implemented on a certain amount of income, creating a maximum base amount. This base amount does rise with inflation. Therefore, as income increases, the Social Security tax actually decreases. Those who make less money pay a larger percentage of their income to the government through the Social Security tax than the wealthy class does. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-49942629520388590772020-01-16T10:43:00.001-08:002020-01-16T10:43:03.208-08:00History of Hippies and the Counter Culture Movement EssayThe origin of the word ââ¬Å"hippieâ⬠derives from ââ¬Å"hipsterâ⬠which was first coined by Harry Gibson in 1940 in a song titled ââ¬Å"Harry the Hipsterâ⬠(as Harry referred to himself). Hipsters were beatniks who had moved into New York Cityââ¬â¢s Greenwich Village. Beatniks were followers of the Beat Generation literary movement who through their writings, promoted anti-conformist attitudes and ideals. The first clearly used instance of the term ââ¬Å"hippieâ⬠occurred on September 5, 1965 in the article ââ¬Å"A New Haven for Beatniksâ⬠by San Francisco journalist Michael Fallon (who was writing about the Blue Unicorn coffeehouse). Similar counter culture movements had occurred in Germany between 1896 and 1908. Known as Wandervogel (which translates roughly to ââ¬Å"migratory birdâ⬠), the youth movement arose as a countercultural reaction to the urbanization that was occurring in Germany at the time. Wandervogel youth opposed traditional German values and forms of entertainment and instead emphasized amateur music and singing, creative dress, and communal outings involving hiking and camping. They were a back to the earth generation who yearned for the simple, sparse, back to nature spiritual life of their ancestors. In later years, the Wandervogel Germans immigrated to the United States where they opened many West Coast area health food stores. Many moved to Southern California. Over time other Americans adapted the beliefs and practices of the Wandervogel youth. Songwriter Eden Ahbez wrote a hit song called Nature Boy that was inspired by the Wandervogel follower, Robert Bootzin. The song helped popularized health consciousness, yoga, and organic food throughout the United States. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-46531154160468751032020-01-08T07:06:00.001-08:002020-01-08T07:06:03.570-08:00Relationship between culture and identity Free Essay Example, 1000 words Tentatively, the notion and aspect of culture holds that the beliefs of one society are unique and cannot be shared or cannot overlap to the next. Culture therefore becomes the defining factor that shapes the worth and value of a people. The very basics and tenets that determine a person or a thing. All human beings in the world are unique from the next only on the basis of their culture. For instance, the things that may be acceptable and pleasant to Americans may be a lot less in Africa or China. Therefore, the overriding beliefs and principles that a people value and define them may not be acceptable or permissible in Africa or Asia. Culture is also learnt and taught to people by their relatives and friends in a community. It is common to notice that people in a society or a community would share culture and beliefs. The term identity in its sense and aspect refers to a condition or a situation of being a thing or being a person. It also refers to the phenomenon or the qualities and properties that make a person to be known or recognizable. We will write a custom essay sample on Relationship between culture and identity or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now In all aspects and fairness, it is to mention that the sense of belonging or awareness that makes a person or something to be unique and distinct. For instance, it is important and worth the properties and characteristics of a person are unique and innate. This argument and line of thought implies that those characteristics and properties are unchangeable and cannot be mistaken. Identity is in born and it is unchangeable or cannot be learnt by one person to the next. In principle, identity is a deep within a person and the basics or tenets of a person cannot be mistaken or shared with the next. Thus, the properties and qualities that define the identity of a person are certain and specific to that person alone and another person can never learn or share the characteristics of a human being or person. For instance, if a person is funny or kind in nature the kindness is unique and cannot be shared with another person (Kakar 24). The properties of kind ness or being funny can only be explained or could only hold as true for such a person. Culture may affect peopleââ¬â¢s identity, but it cannot determine oneââ¬â¢s identity. This is to mention that culture could be held by people with commonalities such as being of the same society. Therefore, if people who belong to the same area or same language belong to the same geographic area learn and acquire modes of life and their ways of living. For instance, something such as a language can be used for communication by people pf a tribe, country or locality and then that identifies and sets them apart from the rest. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-33044546675804664022019-12-31T03:32:00.001-08:002019-12-31T03:32:02.668-08:00Analysis Of Walt Whitman s Works And Pieces - 1452 Words Justin Polkowitz Mrs. Ryan Academic English 2 26 April 2015 Social Change Research Paper These writers and activists are strongly opposed to slavery, and oppression and want to obtain the same rights, social status, and equality as everyone else. They have identical goals that they want to fulfill and are well aware of the controversy that they will not ignore that society has to collaborate to resolve problems and issues in order to unify the nation as one. It is important that all races are treated equally and they must remove the barriers that are preventing freedom. As America develops its culture, these unintimidated activists have similar dreams including Walt Whitman, Langston Hughes, Charlotte Gilman, Malala Yousafzi, Alice Paul, and Martin Luther King Jr. influence their views of society to promote equality and social change. Walt Whitmanââ¬â¢s works and pieces illuminates on the potential of America. Whitman is a very outspoken and an optimistic poet and feels that when he was visiting New Orleans this truly exposed him to the harshness of slavery. Based on his beliefs and knowledge, he believes that America will very likely make a superior change to our society. Whitman states, ââ¬Å"Center of equal daughters, equal sonsâ⬠(Whitman 1,ââ¬Å"Americaâ⬠). Through his poetry, Whitman portrays the need for equality and he helps Americans discover the nation without slavery and oppression. Racism is surely a societal issue; everyone should be ââ¬Å"Singing with open mouths their strongShow MoreRelatedAllen Ginsberg, A Supermarket in California Literary Analysis1669 Words à |à 7 PagesMarch 2013 Brief Literary Analysis Lost America: An analysis of ââ¬Å"A Supermarket in Californiaâ⬠Allen Ginsberg; philosopher, activist, poet, a man highly revered as a groundbreaking figure between the 1950ââ¬â¢s Beat Poetry Generation and the counter-cultural revolution of the 1960ââ¬â¢s (poetryarchive.org). 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By the time Hughes was enrolled at Columbia University in New York, he had already launched his literary career with his poem ââ¬Å"The Negro Speaks of Riversâ⬠in the Crisis, edited by W.E.BRead MorePortrayals Of Women During 1800s And 50s Literature1107 Words à |à 5 Pageswidely known, if little discussed, and that while first hand accounts are highly limited, literary works can give us a look at what these intimate interactions and relationships were like during the 1840s and 1850s. My research will focus on literary portrayals of how intoxicated men treated women in the 1840s and 1850s, as few first hand accounts from either men or women seem to be available. Walt Whitman early in his career, wrote a short novel called, ââ¬Å"Franklin Evans; or, the Inebriate. A Tale ofRead MorePoem Analysis: Allen Ginsbergs Howl2277 Words à |à 9 PagesPoetry is meant to be lived as often the best and most memorable poetry comes directly from lived experience. 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Longfellow, R. Burns, Ch. Kingsley, B. Googe). The issue of stylistics and stylistic analysis has been extensively studied in recent years and the problem of stylistics has been a subject of special interest. Various scientific paradigms, trends and methods of stylistics and literary studies have been developed and explored in the works by such prominent scholars of pre-sovietRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words à |à 116 PagesAND ANALYSIS The purpose of Text Interpretation and Analysis is a literary and linguistic commentary in which the reader explains what the text reveals under close examination. Any literary work is unique. It is created by the author in accordance with his vision and is permeated with his idea of the world. The readerââ¬â¢s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. Thatââ¬â¢s why one cannot lay down a fixed ââ¬Å"modelâ⬠for a piece of critical jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-42918372404370303532019-12-22T23:18:00.001-08:002019-12-22T23:18:03.644-08:00The Effects Of Climate Change On Food Production - 1718 Words The state in Australia most vulnerable to the effects of climate change is Queensland (Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 23). Queensland has one of the worldââ¬â¢s highest rates of greenhouse gas emissions per capita, which has only continued to increase over the last decade (Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 23). The last decade was the warmest recorded in Queenslandââ¬â¢s history, with temperatures being 0.58 degrees Celcius higher than the average for the past four decades (Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 1). It is estimated that by 2050, temperatures will have risen an additional 1.0-2.2 degrees Celcius and rainfall will decrease up to seven percent (Queenslandâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Department of the Environment. Para 19). The primary industries sector of Queensland is composed of cattle and milk, sheep and wool, poultry and eggs, pigs and other livestock, fruit, vegetables and nuts, hortic ulture, sugar cane, cotton, and other field crops, fisheries, and forestry and logging (Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 60). Production from the primary industries is suggested to face a significant decline by 2030 due to ââ¬Å"increased drought, reduced water resources and higher temperatures,â⬠(Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 61). The suggested impacts on the primary industries sector include: ââ¬Å"warmer and drier weather in future decades over much of Queensland, more frequent droughts and drier conditions, increased frequency of severe weather events including flooding, which could also reduce primary and agricultural production through reduction in crop yields and through stock losses, and changes in average rainfall and temperatures, in seasonal distribution of rainfall and in rainfall variability, which directly affect crop production,â⬠(Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 60). Primar y producers are already feeling the effects of a decline in water available through rainfall and runoff, and the effects of changes in temperature are likely to be felt within the next ten years (Queensland Climate Change Centre of Excellence, 2010, page 61). Climate change will have jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-47919505523253869402019-12-14T19:47:00.001-08:002019-12-14T19:47:04.597-08:00Juveniles and Crime Free Essays Juveniles and Crimes Brandi Haney CJS/200 Sean Wallace March 3, 2013 Juveniles and Crimes Information Juveniles commit a lot of crimes and much of it is because of influences and or surrounded lifestyles. Majority of the crimes committed by juveniles are violent crimes but the main ones involve drug abuse and simple assault. Juveniles account for 17 percent of all arrest according to the FBI and 15 percent of those arrest were due to violent crimes. We will write a custom essay sample on Juveniles and Crime or any similar topic only for you Order Now ( Juvenile Crime, 2001 2003) Overall the crimes rates have decreased, but the females who were under 18 and minorities had higher crime rats than men did and they were the contributing factor to the majority of the arrest. In 2001 there was an increase in drug abuse violations. Increase of violations would mean an increase arrest rate and also no decrease in the crime rate. It would only add to it. The all time high for simple assault was in 2001 and females made up 28 percent of all juvenile arrest. Males were only 8 percent of the overall juvenile arrest. The juvenile arrest that happened involved primarily white youth. The y accounted many Hispanics as white youth as well. JUVENILE AND ADULTS COURTS Juveniles Court Juveniles courts vary majorly from adults courts. Juveniles process is as listed; detention hearing then fact finding hearing, after that they have the petition and respondent and next they have the adjudication and finally the involved/ delinquent. The juveniles usually and generally will not get a jury. Their court hearings are closed off to the public for the convenience of their privacy and mainly due to their age. Bails are generally not allowed nor set for juveniles/minors. For minors to get out of jail before their entire process is over they must prove to the judge that they are not a flight risk and that they are not a danger or threat to society and their community. When juveniles commit smaller mes a lot of the time they are punished worse than an adult would be for the exact same crime/offense. When a juvenile is punished by probation they are usually put on probation for a longer period than an adult would be. The stipulations to their probation would be a longer list as well. For example they would have to follow a curfew and they would have to respect their parents, and keep their grades up, attend one or more extra curricular activity, and they would have to possibly attend counseling. If they were to break these stipulations than they would have to report to their judge once again and possibly have their probation sentence lengthened or they would get what they call a probation violation and have to just serve their length of a sentence. For many of the cases on minors and juveniles being found delinquent and serving your time with no breaks it a lot of the time is better for them because while their sentence may be long their sentence is only until the are approximately in their twenties and as an adult they would serve a life sentence for some things and ââ¬Å"pleasâ⬠may have been even worse. There are time when a juvenile may be tried as an adult. The circumstances would be a felony drug offense, sex crimes, murders, and attempted murders. Between the ages 13 and 17 you can be and have the potential to be tried as an adult and serve an adult term. DELIQUENCY AND STATUS OFFENSES Delinquency is a minor crime committed by the youth (young people). This definition is directed towards the young people but this does not mean that an adult can not be caught or punished for the same crime that a minor will be in trouble for. A status offense is an action prohibited to a specific class of people and mostly is applied to crimes omitted by minors. VARIABLES THAT CORRELATE TO JUVENILE CRIMES While there are many things that correlate to juveniles committing crimes there is in my opinion still no excuses. One thing that correlates to the crimes is child maltreatment. When they child is not taken care of they tend to veer off and find other means of living and making ends meet. Another variable is alcoholism and drug use. A parent or parents is a childââ¬â¢s biggest role model and so are their siblings and any other older siblings. If a child grows up always seeing nothing but alcohol around the house and their family getting high off of pills and smoking than they are naturally going to take that lifestyle in and think that it is normal and okay and they will think that everyone else around them lives the same lifestyle. Bullying has in my world been a major variable. Whens someone is bullied they think that they need to find their own happy place and they claim that committing crimes does that for them. For example when a person gets in a fight or steals something and all the attention is turned on them, that is the highlight of their lives because everyone always bullied them. Single or no parent homes is probably one of the biggest variables. Like I mentioned before a parent or parents are a childââ¬â¢s biggest role models. A childââ¬â¢s mind is like a sponge and they always play the game of monkey see monkey do. This will never go away even when they are all grown up and moved out. I was a child that was in a single family home and there was nothing I would of ever wanted more than a multi parent home. I needed both of them for different reasons and I never had the choice, which led me in to depression and lack in schooling. There are a few more variables too and they are poverty, gang membership, idolizing criminals, trauma, school dropouts, and truancy. RECOMMENDATION I have many recommendations but the one I want to start with is ââ¬Å"stop letting the juveniles get away with breaks and shorter punishmentsâ⬠. Now that I am all grown up I know that I hated to be punished but in all reality the longer I was punished the more I replayed why I was punished and told myself not to do it anymore. We need consistency. They need to make sure they stick to exactly what they say they are going to do to the child. We need to have better structured probation officers and counselors. Many of them do not care about the well being of the child they are just there to get paid and ââ¬Å"claimâ⬠they helped the child. REFRENCES Google. com Studymode. com My step mother a criminal rehabilitator counselor How to cite Juveniles and Crime, Essay examples jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-52172856941806974362019-12-06T16:11:00.001-08:002019-12-06T16:11:03.943-08:00Contemporary Indegenious Health Wellbeing ââ¬Myassignmenthelp.Com Questions: Is It True That They Are The Correct Objectives? Is It Accurate To Say That They Are Attainable? Having Been Set, Are They Accomplishable When They Are Being Legitimately Tended To? Answers: Introduction Closing the Gap is an administration procedure that intends to diminish inconvenience among Indigenous and Torres Strait Dweller individuals in future, through reducing children mortality, access to better health care , instructive accomplishment of work and good results. It ensure equity among all the people so that nobody feels discriminated. It ensures that every member is connected to every service in the country. It is a formal responsibility made by every Australian government to accomplish Indigenous and Torres Strait Dweller wellbeing balance in 26 years. Closing the Gap produced a light call in presence of a Communal equity report in 2006 and Close the Gap communal equity battle. In May 2007, Australian governments and Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander individuals concurred 'to cooperate and accomplish equity in wellbeing status and future amongst Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander people, (MacKintosh, 2012) groups and non-Indigenous Australians by the year 2020 when they will mark the Indigenous wellbeing correspondence summit proclamation plan. The aim of closing the gap is to ensure that every citizen is connected to good health care and ensure no suffering among the people. Close the Gap was received as the name for the Campaign for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Equality in the year 2005. The utilization of wellbeing targets is a key piece of the human rights based way to deal with accomplishing Indigenous and Torres Passage dweller wellbeing fairness inside an era as proposed by the Close the Gap Operation. It flags a human rights based way to deal with accomplishing wellbeing correspondence inside an era. In its August 2006 decision, stage of the labor party in Australian flagged its help for the approach of the Close the Gap Campaign, (Daniels 2009). Thus shutting the crevice and entered the strategy dictionary. It utilized to mark Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller arrangement activities from the Countrywide Corporation Treaty to Closing the Gap on Aboriginal Wellbeing Consequences to parts of the Northerly Area Disaster Response. It would be an ideal thing to note, in any case, that the end thing marked Australian Administration a nd activities, which did not mirror the social privileges, established tactics of the CTG Operation. The utilization of the term shutting the hole in connection to these activities essentially mirrors an underwriting of them by the Close the Gap Operation Navigation Agency, (Keyder, 2016). The objective of the CTG was to raise the future and wellbeing status of Indigenous and Torres Islander people groups to that of the non-Indigenous populace inside an era. In March 2005 the then Administrator Doctor Tom gathered the initial meeting of what turned to be the Close The Gap Operation Agency. Our Patrons Ms. Cate and Mr. Thorpe propelled the battle itself in May 2008. Up to date, 150 000 people from Australia have ceremoniously swore that they will offer help to it, (Guerra, 2014). In July 2008, the State Sport Confederation committed a yearly round of matches as the CTG, guaranteeing the crusades message that achieved a large number of people from Australia who came to spectate. In its April 2006 race stage, the Labor Party of Australia expressed its help for the Close The Gap Operations way to deal with accomplishing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander wellbeing fairness. Following this race, the key components of the Close. In May 2006, the Convention of Australian Administration embraced the battle to focus on accomplishing the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander future equity with an era. It was upheld by an objective to divide the death rate of under-five Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youngsters inside ten years. By mid-2008, an aggregate of 6 administrators who would close this gap were declared all over the country. Supporting Austrian Administration to focus on accomplishing Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander future inside an era was emphasized so that it could help many in the country, the Close The Gap Agency built up and ensured the gap between the State Ethnic Wellbeing Fairness was Targeted (Keyder, 2016). There has been little thought given by these committee from the Australian administrations. The most vibrant things to ask in view of these objectives include: Real picks up in wellbeing in the previous century have been of great extent reliant on enhancements in cardiovascular wellbeing. Managing cardiovascular ailment must be vital to any endeavors to address Aboriginal and Torres Strait islander wellbeing disparity and is a proper region for objective scene. Right now, we successfully run a two-level framework as illustrated in the Heart Foundation report. This is a very unsuitable situation and it requires to be reviewed, (Daniels, 2009). The partition is restricted to intense mediations. An examination of such information from the advance assessment and maintenance of wellbeing considers information from the Kenyon Vascular Partnership (KVP) which demonstrates that 40% patients may probable standardize general practices to endorse cardiac triple treatment for patients with earlier cardiac sickness, and right around three times more probable for people in the high hazard classification. (its good to note that these discoveries had a significant ramifications for the method of reasoning and putting resources into the Austrian government part, as they give more successful administrations than standard for interminable infection, the real reason for the forthcoming gap). The Close The Gap objectives, while not immaculate, is universal best practice and gives a beginning stage to improvement of objectives and, all the more extensively, an arrangement for wellbeing equity, (Hogue, 2006). The impact and challenges of the cardiovascular disease to Aboriginal people may include, stroke, which can be lethal, however they can likewise bring about certain defect such as, handicap among the people, and diminish personal satisfaction in life. Enduring a stroke may prompt noteworthy and inability so that people are not able to interact well with the rest, for example, loss of motion, discourse challenges, and enthusiastic issues. Following a heart assault, people habitually endure weariness and wretchedness, and they may think that it is harder to participate in physical exercises. Cardiovascular and stroke are among the main sources of incapacity in the United States, which is a great challenge with more than 4 million individuals announcing inability from these causes. The issue of cardiovascular has brought a lot of challenges in the Australia whereby few people are not able to communicate due differences in terms of classes and levels. (Hammer, 2013) The State Aboriginal Wellbeing Equivalence Summit was held in May 2009, which was facilitated by the Close the Gap Agency. During this time, the Minister for coordination, Minister for Wellbeing and the aged, Minister for Children, Accommodation, Public Facilities and Aboriginal Matters, and the Centralized Antagonism Spearhead marked the CTG Declaration of Determined Indigenous and Torres Strait Islander wellbeing pioneers. The Statement of Intent exemplifies the CTG way to deal with accomplishing Indigenous and Torres Strait islander wellbeing equity and is repeated on pages four and five of this report. The Administrations and Antagonisms of Australia, Queensland, Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory, and New South Wales have since marked it. The Close the Gap Agency foresaw that the Declaration of Determined would rapidly be accomplished to the state rank. The CTG Countrywide Aboriginal Fitness Equivalence Objects that gave a new beginning stage to the assertion of the objectives and sub-focuses to be incorporated into an arrangement. Strengthening will be a fundamental supporter of Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller wellbeing uniformity. Any approach or program under the arrangement ought to be surveyed in the matter of how it would build the capacity of the Original and Torres Passage Dweller persons, folks and crowds to take control of their own lives. The execution of an arrangement is, by and by, a more essential stride than arranging. Native and Torres Strait Islander authority and association at this stage is imperative. That checking, assessment and survey procedures ought to be incorporated into an arrangement. The Countrywide Indigenous Wellbeing Plan (1999) was a milestone achievement, setting out a concurred heading for Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller wellbeing arrangement in Australia, (Hammer, 2013) The Nationwide Indigenous Wellbeing Plan and the party composed of nationwide followers had a broad interview with Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller persons, associations, and crowds, and in addition with administrations. The Nationwide Indigenous Wellbeing Plan was created in a politically complex time. It was during a period when Aboriginal authorities amass was raising in wellbeing, yet additionally a period of doubt between Aboriginal people group and government establishments, and between Indigenous people group associations. Critical subsidizing distributions through Indigenous-particular national organization understandings and the abnormal state of political goodwill inside the political framework where there is empowerment. Conclusion In spite of duties at the most elevated amount, the entire of government approach that will fundamentally support a national push to accomplish Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller wellbeing correspondence and does not appear to be working 'on the ground' in many spots. The genuine test for Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller wellbeing lay in the usage of duties and plans, not an arranging procedure essentially. There was specific worry at general society benefit evidently impeding, or neglecting to actualize, the will of pastors and Australian governments (for instance, as featured above in neglecting to work in an entire of administration way), (Johnston, 2015). The relative absence of responsibility to open up hirelings, and specifically senior officials, was addressed and there was concern communicated that dormancy in general society administration could fix endeavors to accomplish Indigenous and Torres Passage Dweller wellbeing. References Islamoglu, H. Keyder, C. 2016, 'Agenda for Ottoman history', Review, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 31-55. Barnoud, J., Rossi, G. Monticelli, L. 2014, 'Lipid membranes as solvents for carbon nanoparticles', Physical Review Letters, vol. 112, no. 6, 068102. Gillespie, N.C., Lewis, R.J., Pearn, J.H., Bourke, A.T.C., Holmes, M.J., Bourke, J.B. Shields, W.J. 2016, 'Ciguatera in Australia: occurrence, clinical features, pathophysiology and management', Medical Journal of Australia, vol. 145, no. 11-12, pp. 584-90. Clark, J., Diefenderfer, C., Hammer, S. Hammer, T. 2013, 'Estimating the area of Virginia', Journal of Online Mathematics and its Applications,vol. 3, viewed 6 October 2009. Grabowska, D.M. Kaplan, D.B. 2016, Nonperturbative regulator for chiral gauge theories?, Physical Review Letters, vol. 116, no. 211602, pp. 1-5. Semsarian, C. Ingles, J. 2016, Preventing sudden cardiac death in athletes, BMJ, vol. 353, no. i1270, pp. 1-2. Johnston, A.H.2015, in press, 'Images of jellyfish in human history', Annals of Oceanic Art. Jilette, P. Teller, R.J. 2012, 'How to make fish disappear', Canadian Journal of Magic, in press. Whitbury, M.J. submitted, 'New evidence on fake moon landings'.Ashima, A. Hogue, A. 2006, Writing academic English, 4th edn, Pearson Longman, White Plains, NY. Butler, J.E., Severino, C. Guerra, J.C. 2014, Writing in multicultural settings, Modern Language Association of America, New York. Olysen, B., Patching, R., Oakham, K.M. Sedorkin, G. 2013, Reporting in a multimedia world, Allen Unwin Unwin, Crows Nest, NSW. The Sixth Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157(21):241346. Grundy SM, Bazzarre T, Cleeman J, et al. Writing Group I. Prevention Conference V. Beyond secondary prevention: identifying the high-risk patient for primary prevention. Medical Office Assessment. Circulation. 2000;101(1):e311. Pearson TA, Blair SN, Daniels SR, (2009), Guidelines for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: 2002 Update. Circulation. 2002;106(3):38891. Montgomery AA, Fahey T, MacKintosh C, (2012) et al. Estimation of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2000;50(451):1278. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-50187737792343317852019-11-29T04:46:00.001-08:002019-11-29T04:46:04.430-08:00Corporate finance and Volatility Table of Contents Introduction Importance of WACC Calculating the cost of capital Cost of debt Cost of preference capital Conclusion Reference List Introduction Stocksââ¬â¢ beta expresses how much the stock prices may change as a result of changes in the financial market prices. A stockââ¬â¢s beta of 1.06 indicates that for a 1% change in general market prices, the price of the particular stock will change by 1.06%. Such a stock price is considered to be less volatile.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Corporate finance and Volatility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Assetsââ¬â¢ beta is the average of the different sources of finance that a firm chooses. The assetsââ¬â¢ beta for a company that has been financed without debts is equal to equityââ¬â¢s beta. Weighted cost of capital represents the least amount of return that an investment can offer stakeholders. When the expected rate of return from a project is lower than WACC, it is considered unviable. Managers may consider those that break-even because of the economic level of returns. However, a project must have a higher rate of return than WACC before wealth is created for holders of securities. A majority of firms uses debts to finance growth rather than wait for the profits. Fabozzi et al. (2008, p. 507) discuss that when a firm has no debt, ââ¬Å"the beta of its equity is the same as its assetsââ¬â¢ beta.â⬠They also note that it is very rare for a company to operate without incurring some debts. Using debts makes a companyââ¬â¢s equity riskier. Fabozzi et al. (2008, p. 507) explain that financial leverage causes ââ¬Å"the market risk of a companyââ¬â¢s stock to be higher than its assetââ¬â¢s risk.â⬠In that case, equityââ¬â¢s beta exceeds assetsââ¬â¢ beta. When the firms choose to fund assets by a combination of equity and debts, the risk involved is shared between the two groups o f stakeholders. Fabozzi et al. (2008, p. 508) discuss that the ââ¬Å"asset market risk is the weighted average of the companyââ¬â¢s debt beta and equity beta because the assetââ¬â¢s risk is shared between creditors and owners.â⬠In simple terms, the asset beta = debts beta (fraction of assets from debts) + equity beta (fraction of assets from equity). The equation of assetsââ¬â¢ beta average is true because the variations from equityââ¬â¢s and stocksââ¬â¢ betas are correlated. The effect on one source of capital influences the chance of the other sources volatility.à Corporate taxable income is generated after deductions of interest paid on loans. The effect reduces what a firm pays as tax which makes their burden less. On the other hand, interest received by creditors is taxed after it is paid to them.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result of interest on debt being deductible, debts beta in most cases is assumed to be negligible.à WACC is used to ââ¬Å"evaluate the impact of debt-financing on risk and returns to investmentsâ⬠(Geltner et al. 2010, p. 307). Leverage is a term used to describe the common practice used by firms to fund their projects from debts, and equity. The WACC is derived from the formula of basic holding period return (HPR). The formula expresses assets as a sum of debts and equities. It also equates property cash flow to the sum of debt cash flow and equity cash flow. The returns received are shared by holders, and creditors. It is derived from the returns to capital generated by the firm. WACC represents the least rate of return on a project that evaluators consider before allowing a business plan to be implemented. The formula for WACC as presented by Hawawini Viallet (2011, p. 410) is shown below. In this case, kE represents cost of equity and kD is the cost of debt before taxation. B ierman (p. 195) discusses that WACC can be interpreted as ââ¬Å"the cost of both current capital and an additional dollar of new capital if the existing capital structure is maintainedâ⬠. The existing capital structure refers to the percentage of debt and securities that have been used to finance a project. Debts tend to reduce WACC because of tax deductions. As it can be seen in the formula ââ¬Å"1 ââ¬â tax rateâ⬠has a lesser effect on WACC compared to equity when the cost of capital is considered equal for both equities.à WACC includes returns to creditors and shareholders. Baker and Martin discuss that WACC is the ââ¬Å"cost of raising funds to the firmâ⬠(2011, p. 192). On the other hand, it is the rate of return that investors consider before lending a firm. Creditors receive interest on money owed to them. Shareholders expect dividends, and gains in market value. The gains in market value are only possible if the firm chooses growth opportunities with higher rates of return than WACC. A firm can only add value to its capital after exceeding the rate of return owed to investors. The investors evaluate the firmââ¬â¢s strategy, opportunities of growth, and risk.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on Corporate finance and Volatility specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When a business opportunity promises slow growth, investors consider it as a high risk investment. Slow growth reduces a firmââ¬â¢s ability to repay its debts. For this reason, investors may require higher interest rates which may make a project unviable. The rate of return expected by investors also depends on what other financial assets receive as returns. Firms choose to finance their assets with a mixture of debt, preference shares and common equity. They choose a mixture that optimizes the price of their stock. Besley and Brigham (2009, p. 485) discuss that WACC ââ¬Å"represents the minimum return the firm must earn on its investments to maintain its current level of wealthâ⬠. Besley and Brigham (2009) provide the formula below for calculating WACC. The WACC of most companies represents the average cost of its capital. Lumby and Jones discuss that the WACC of most companies may not be used to rate individual projects because most companies have their investments diversified (2003, p. 427). The WACC in most cases reflects the ââ¬Å"average level of systematic risk throughout all its operationsâ⬠(Lumby and Jones 2003, p. 427). Companies consider diversification as a means of reducing risk. The volatility of an individual project carried out by a company is unlikely to be represented by WACC because most companies calculate the overall value. The returns expected from different securities vary. Different capital sources carry different weights. Lumby and Jones (2003, p. 748) explain that ââ¬Å"changing a firmââ¬â¢s capital structure changes its WACCâ⬠. Debts are an obligation. They are considered before financial assets. Dividends and other benefits are paid to preference shares before common shares.Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Importance of WACC A higher WACC will require that the performance must be higher before generating wealth for stakeholders. Megginson Smart discuss that firms use WACC to value the amount of effort needed before the firm can actually generate returns for shareholders (2010, p. 420). The firmââ¬â¢s market value declines if its WACC increases as a result of factors that the firm cannot control. Megginson Smart discuss that when a firmââ¬â¢s WACC is increased by an event it cannot address ââ¬Å"its existing assets and its prospective investment opportunities become less valuableâ⬠(2010, p. 420). Such an effect can be expressed through a drop its market value. Such investments may go for a long period without dividends. Calculating the cost of capital Cost of capital involves what investors are willing to receive regularly as a result offering finances. Benninga Czaczkles discuss that the present value of stock can be obtained from the discounted annuity values using an ticipated growth in dividend streams (2000, p. 28). They give an example in which the expected growth of dividends is 10%. The following year, the dividend received on each share is $3. The present value of each share (Po) can be expressed as shown below. In this case, rE is the cost of equity/discount rate. D1 is used to represent the expected dividend, and g to represent the expected dividend growth rate. According to Benninga Czaczkes (2000, p. 29), the formula is summarized as shown below. This formula holds only for firms with normal growth. This is the Leonhard Euler derivation. For supernormal growth where g rE, the Gordon Model is applied. The formula for the Gordon Model which has been discounted over five years can be expressed as shown below. According to Benninga Czaczkes (2000, p. 31), the cost of equity under Gordon Model is expressed as shown below. Considering that anticipated dividends can be expressed in terms of the dividends received in the current year (Do ). The formula for the cost of equity is expressed as shown below. In the classic SML (Security Market Line) model, the formula for calculating the cost of equity is expressed as shown below (Benninga Czaczkes 2000, p. 35). In this case, rf represents the rate at which investment is considered safe, and E(rM) represents the interest rates that the financial market are expected to generate. The risk-free rate of return is reflected in financial assets with the least amount of risk such as interest rates on securities issued by government (Bennninga Czaczkes 2000). Treasury bills are considered risk-free indicators because governments are unlikely to default. When the expression is adjusted to integrate corporate tax, the expression becomes as shown below (Benninga Czackles 2000, p. 36). TC is the corporate tax rate. The cost of newly issued stock is expressed as shown below (Calculating the Cost of Capital n.d., p. 3). The cost of retained earnings is expressed below using ris k-free rate, market expected rate, and stocks beta (Calculating Cost of Capital n.d, p. 2). using the discounted cash flow approach. Cost of debt The cost of debt has different approaches. Benninga Czaczkes (2000) discuss that the cost of debt can be estimated using a firmââ¬â¢s existing average cost of debt even though it is not an accurate measure. The cost of debt is expressed as shown below (Calculating Cost of Capital n.d., P. 1). rd is the rate of return expected by investors to be paid on debts. Cost of preference capital Preference capital is associated with preference shares. Debts reduce the amount of corporate tax that a firm is entitled to pay. Khan Jain (2007) discuss that preference share differs from debts because payments on preference shares are made after tax deductions. Some preference shares are redeemable at maturity while others do not have a fixed maturity date. Both types receive annual fixed rates of return. Khan Jain (2007, p. 11.10) express the co st of irredeemable shares in two expressions as shown below. In this case, kp represents cost of preference capital, Dp is the fixed dividend, Po is the expected preference share price, f is the floatation costs expressed as a percentage of share price, and Dt is the tax rate on preference shares dividend. Preference shares that have a maturity date and a stream of earnings are discounted to a present value. Khan Jain (2007, p. 11.10) express that the cost of preference shares with a maturity date ââ¬Å"is the discount rate that equates the net proceeds of sale of preference shares with the NPV of future dividends and principal repaymentsâ⬠. This means that capital gains that an individual obtains today from sales are compared to the gains of holding the preference shares to maturity. The cost of preference shares with a maturity date is expressed as shown below. Po represents share price, f is the flotation cost expressed as a percentage of share price, Dp is for dividend, and Pn is the amount paid at maturity. Kumar (2010) gives a more simplified formula for the cost of redeemable share capital as shown below. D represents dividends, M.V is the value on maturity, N.P is the net streams gains received on preference shares, n is the number of years. Using the average cost of 25% tax, the asset beta can be calculated using the formula below. The asset beta is expressed as: asset beta= Equity beta/ (1 + (1 ââ¬â tax) D/E) (Asset Beta n.d.). D is the percentage of financing received from debts, and E from Equity. Asset beta = 1.06/ (1+ (1 ââ¬â 0.25) 0.35/0.65)) = 0.755 However, since the tax rate is still unknown, the cost of equity can be estimated using stocksââ¬â¢ beta and market rate of return. The WACC is then used to express the volatility of expected returns. From this formula equity beta can be generated as follows: cost of equity = risk free rate of return + beta (market rate of return ââ¬â risk free rate) Cost of equity = 0.0395 + 1.06 (0.0601 ââ¬â 0.0395) = 0.061336 KE is the cost of equity and KD is the cost of debt before taxation The value of Equity/ total capital can be expressed as: Equity = 45/60 * 100% = 0.75 The value of debt as a fraction of the total capital is represented as: Debt = 15/60 * 100% = 0.25 WACC = (0.75 * 0.061336) + (0.25 * 0.0485) = 0.046002 + 0.012125 = 0.058127 This is approximately 0.058. The WACC estimates the least returns expected from investments. It influences the volatility of stock prices. From the expression in the question: This indicates that the assetsââ¬â¢ beta can be calculated from the sum of the product various sources of capital and their beta. Asset beta = (0.75 * 1.06) + (0.25 * 0.058) = 0.795 + 0.0145 = 0.8095 Asset beta = 0.8095 The volatility of the stock market is derived from the asset beta. A value of less than 1 indicates that the assets are less volatile. b) The same formula is applied to calculate the asset value of Coral Gamblesââ¬â¢ Asse t beta by first calculating the WACC. This is used as an estimate of the debt beta. From, the explanations above, the debt beta is always close to zero. WACC = (0.65 * 0.061336) + (0.35 * 0.0545) = 0.0398684 + 0.019075 = 0.0589434 WACC value of 5.9% (0.0589) indicates that an additional unit of capital may cost the firm 5.9% interest. The firm must invest in projects that generate above the 6% rate of return for shareholders to get capital gains. Asset beta = (0.65 * 1.06) + (0.35 * 0.059) = 0.689 + 0.02065 = 0.691 According to Bragg (2012, p. 142), the cost of common stock is ââ¬Å"risk-free return rate + beta (average stock return ââ¬â risk free returnâ⬠. From this formula, it can be derived that stock beta = (cost of stock ââ¬â risk-free rate) / (expected market return ââ¬â risk-free rate) Cost of stock = 0.0395 + 0.691 (0.0601 ââ¬â 0.0395) = 0.054 Coral Gamblesââ¬â¢ Stocks beta = (0.054 ââ¬â 0.0395) / (0.0601 ââ¬â 0.0395) = 0.0145/ 0.0206 = 0.703 9 The common stockââ¬â¢s beta indicates the value by which the firmââ¬â¢s stock price changes as a result of variations in the general stock prices. A value of 0.7039 indicates that when the market value changes by 1%, the stock price of Coral Gambles varies by 0.7%. This shows that Coral Gamble stock price is less volatile that the overall market prices. WACC = (0.65 * 0.0601) + (0.35 * 0.0545 (1 ââ¬â 0.25)) = 0.039065 + 0.0143 = 0.053365 From this calculation, it can be interpreted that investments must generate above the 5% rate of return for the project to add value to shareholders. The least acceptable cost of capital is 5%. This is the point where the firm operates at break-even. Conclusion The market stockââ¬â¢s beta of the similar company is more volatile than Coral Gamble stocks or the general market price. Coral Gamble stock price is less volatile than the average market prices. The WACC for both companies indicate that the CFO needs to search for growth oppo rtunities that generate more than 6% rate of return. Investors may consider interest rates that are close to 5%. The price (Po) generated in the calculation of share price is the discounted value of the current share price, and expected income streams. The income streams are paid to shareholders as yield per share or dividends. The assetsââ¬â¢ beta indicates less volatility than stocksââ¬â¢ beta. However, the stockââ¬â¢s beta generates its volatility from assetsââ¬â¢ beta. The Coral Gamble assetsââ¬â¢ beta indicates that the firmââ¬â¢s assets are more stable than shifts in market prices, and interest rates. The asset beta has been calculated as a sum of the impact caused by the volatilities of different sources of capital. It can also be calculated from the equity beta, ratio of debts to equity, and tax rate. Equity beta is the beta quoted by financial reports as stock price volatility. Assetsââ¬â¢ beta is equal to equity in situations where a firm has not used debts to finance its assets. The impact of debtsââ¬â¢ beta on asset beta is reduced by the fact that it reduces corporate tax. Reference List Asset Beta n.d. Web. Baker, H, Martin, G 2011, Capital Structure and Corporate Financing Decisions: Theory, Evidence, and Practice, John Wiley Sons, Hoboken. Benninga, S, Czaczkes, B 2000, Financial Modeling, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. Besley, S, Brigham, E 2009, Principles of Finance, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. Bierman, H 2010, An Introduction to Accounting and Mangerial Finance: A Merger of Equals, World Scientific Publishing, London. Bragg, S 2012, Business Ratios and Formulas: A Comprehensive Guide, John Wiley Sons, Hoboken. Calculating the Cost of Capital n.d. Web. Fabozzi, J. F, Drake, P. P, Polimeni, S. R 2008, The Complete CFO Handbook: From Accounting to Accountability, John Wiley Sons, Hoboken. Geltner, D, Miller, N, Clayton, J Eichholtz, P 2010, Commercial Real Estate Analysis Investmen ts, Cengage Learning, Mason. Hawawini G, Viallet, C 2011, Finance for Executives: Managing for Value Creation, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. Khan, M, Jain, P 2007, Financial management, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. Kumar, V 2010, Cost of Preference Share Capital. Web. Lumby, S, Jones, C 2003, Corporate Finance: Theory and Practice, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. Megginson, W, Smart, S 2010, Introduction to Corporate Finance, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason. This assessment on Corporate finance and Volatility was written and submitted by user Jaylyn B. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-22952791578650917062019-11-25T12:20:00.001-08:002019-11-25T12:20:03.299-08:00Threading Introduction in Visual BasicThreading Introduction in Visual Basic To understand threading in VB.NET, it helps to understand some of the foundation concepts. First up is that threading is something that happens because the operating system supports it. Microsoft Windows is a pre-emptive multitasking operating system. A part of Windows called the task scheduler parcels out processor time to all the running programs. These small chunks of processor time are called time slices. Programs arent in charge of how much processor time they get, the task scheduler is. Because these time slices are so small, you get the illusion that the computer is doing several things at once. Definition of Thread A thread is a single sequential flow of control. Some qualifiers: A thread is a path of execution through that body of code.Threads share memory so they have to cooperate to produce the correct result.A thread has thread-specific data such as registers, a stack pointer, and a program counter.A process is a single body of code that can have many threads, but it has at least one and it has a single context (address space). This is assembly level stuff, but thats what you get into when you start thinking about threads. Multithreading vs. Multiprocessing Multithreading is not the same as multicore parallel processing, but multithreading and multiprocessing do work together. Most PCs today have processors that have at least two cores, and ordinary home machines sometimes have up to eight cores. Each core is a separate processor, capable of running programs by itself. You get a performance boost when the OS assigns a different process to different cores. Using multiple threads and multiple processors for even greater performance is called thread-level parallelism. A lot of what can be done depends on what the operating system and the processor hardware can do, not always what you can do in your program, and you shouldnt expect to be able to use multiple threads on everything. In fact, you might not find many problems that benefit from multiple threads. So, dont implement multithreading just because its there. You can easily reduce your programs performance if its not a good candidate for multithreading. Just as examples, video codecs may be the worst programs to multithread because the data is inherently serial. Server programs that handle web pages might be among the best because the different clients are inherently independent. Practicing Thread Safety Multithreaded code often requires complex coordination of threads. Subtle and difficult-to-find bugs are common because different threads often have to share the same data so data can be changed by one thread when another isnt expecting it. The general term for this problem is race condition. In other words, the two threads can get into a race to update the same data and the result can be different depending on which thread wins. As a trivial example, suppose youre coding a loop: For I 1 To 10 DoSomethingWithI()Next If the loop counter I unexpectedly misses the number 7 and goes from 6 to 8- but only some of the time- it would have disastrous effects on whatever the loop is doing. Preventing problems like this is called thread safety. If the program needs the result of one operation in a later operation, then it can be impossible to code parallel processes or threads to do it.à Basic Multithreading Operations Its time to push this precautionary talk to the background and write some multithreading code. This article uses a Console Application for simplicity right now. If you want to follow along, start Visual Studio with a new Console Application project. The primary namespace used by multithreading is the System.Threading namespace and the Thread class will create, start, and stop new threads. In the example below, notice that TestMultiThreading is a delegate. That is, you have to use the name of a method that the Thread method can call. Imports System.ThreadingModule Module1 Sub Main() Dim theThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf TestMultiThreading) theThread.Start(5) End Sub Public Sub TestMultiThreading(ByVal X As Long) For loopCounter As Integer 1 To 10 X X * 5 2 Console.WriteLine(X) Next Console.ReadLine() End SubEnd Module In this app, we could have executed the second Sub by simply calling it: TestMultiThreading(5) This would have executed the entire application in serial fashion. The first code example above, however, kicks off the TestMultiThreading subroutine and then continues. A Recursive Algorithm Example Heres a multithreaded application involving calculating permutations of an array using a recursive algorithm. Not all of the code is shown here. The array of characters being permuted is simply 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. Heres the pertinent part of the code. Sub Main() Dim theThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf Permute) theThread.Start(5) Permute(5) Console.WriteLine(Finished Main) Console.ReadLine()End SubSub Permute(ByVal K As Long) ... Permutate(K, 1) ...End SubPrivate Sub Permutate( ... ... Console.WriteLine( pno pString) ...End Sub Notice that there are two ways to call the Permute sub (both commented out in the code above). One kicks off a thread and the other calls it directly. If you call it directly, you get: 1 123452 12354... etc119 54312120 54321Finished Main However, if you kick off a thread and Start the Permute sub instead, you get: 1 12345Finished Main2 12354... etc119 54312120 54321 This clearly shows that at least one permutation is generated, then the Main sub moves ahead and finishes, displaying Finished Main, while the rest of the permutations are being generated. Since the display comes from a second sub called by the Permute sub, you know that is part of the new thread as well. This illustrates the concept that a thread is a path of execution as mentioned earlier. Race Condition Example The first part of this article mentioned a race condition. Heres an example that shows it directly: Module Module1 Dim I As Integer 0 Public Sub Main() Dim theFirstThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf firstNewThread) theFirstThread.Start() Dim theSecondThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf secondNewThread) theSecondThread.Start() Dim theLoopingThread _ As New Threading.Thread( AddressOf LoopingThread) theLoopingThread.Start() End Sub Sub firstNewThread() Debug.Print( firstNewThread just started!) I I 2 End Sub Sub secondNewThread() Debug.Print( secondNewThread just started!) I I 3 End Sub Sub LoopingThread() Debug.Print( LoopingThread started!) For I 1 To 10 Debug.Print( Current Value of I: I.ToString) Next End SubEnd Module The Immediate window showed this result in one trial. Other trials were different. Thats the essence of a race condition. LoopingThread started!Current Value of I: 1secondNewThread just started!Current Value of I: 2firstNewThread just started!Current Value of I: 6Current Value of I: 9Current Value of I: 10 jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-92208231971816983132019-11-21T19:44:00.001-08:002019-11-21T19:44:02.422-08:00Paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsPaper 2 - Essay Example The series is about a prominent New York City dweller named David who decides to leave the city and visit his parents in a Florida retirement community and also to attend his motherââ¬â¢s birthday celebration. On arrival he meets both his parents in a jovial mood and receives a warm welcome. His attention however is split between his folks and his job as he is receiving numerous calls from his boss back in New York, something his father is not so happy about and this leads him to him quitting his job to decide on what he really wants with his life. His decision is taken well especially by his mother, Elaine Robbins who claims to have been inspired by it so much and decides to leave his father, Alan Robins to go to Portugal and pursue her dream of becoming a painter. David finds himself in between a rock and a hard place as he juggles between his fatherââ¬â¢s interests and his motherââ¬â¢s, who comes back to Florida after her Portugal endeavour proves a failure, after the two choose to remain separated. Coming back to his parents place also opens a new chapter in his life with relation to his childhood best friend, Brandon his love life and the fact that he is now retired at only the age of thirty five. This TV series generally shows the oddity of having a successful business then retiring at the age of thirty five and having to live with oneââ¬â¢s parents, an elderly couple who are having issues in their marriage. It also shows what impact friends can have on someone and how too much bonding with ones parents at this age can affect the normal day to day routine. The target audience for ââ¬ËRetired at 35ââ¬â¢ in my view, would be young people of the age late twenties to early forties both female and male with a slim positive bias to the male audience as the jokes in the series tend to be capitalized on Davidââ¬â¢s bad luck, who is a thirty five year old male. Also the inclusion of the words ââ¬Ëtexturingââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëtitteringââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëfacial bookââ¬â¢ jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-42409486968127056752019-11-20T16:48:00.001-08:002019-11-20T16:48:06.118-08:00PEST Analysis on Financial Crisis As effecting the EssayPEST Analysis on Financial Crisis As effecting the internationalization of the Fast Food Industry - Essay Example It got 9.5 out of 10- one of the highest ranks. The government is supportive of business ventures initiated by foreign investors and has created incentives like a strong pool of educated workforce, impeccable infrastructure and consistent policies to attract investments. The peaceful conditions also provide security of business for startups or franchises which expand into the nation. There is low tolerance of hard corruption within the Japanese culture and that is reflected in their government so there will not be unnecessary hassles or hurdles for investors looking to develop the market. The Nikkei Keizai Newspaper reported in 2010 that government of Japan was going to introducing preferential tax rates from foreign companies investing in Japan as one of the incentives, they have also established FAZ (Foreign Access zones) as a measure towards creating convenience and value for these investors. A Fast food industry would benefit from these policies like any other industry or firm op erated by foreigners; supply of equipment, raw material (for the actual food) and transport of necessary technology or resources will be easier as well. Some effect on the emerging industry practices will also be from the ââ¬Å"Antimonopoly Act (AMA)â⬠set by the government which includes the Act on prohibition of private Monopolization and Maintenance of Fair Trade and several other stator laws. The intended purpose of the law is to discourage any single firm to have a hold on the pricing and supply of an industry- hence the fast food industry would be better served if instead of a single franchise, different franchises entered the market together. Furthermore, the ââ¬Å"system of labour law operating in Japanâ⬠which includes the ââ¬Ëemployment agreementââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëindependent contractor agreementââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ëmandate agreementââ¬â¢ might make operations difficult for the franchises which run on the US based system of hiring workers without long term ag reements. 2.2 Economic Conditions Japan is the third largest economy in the world and its economy depends on the international trade. According to 2011-2012 salary survey, the average annual income is about 3,611,556 JPY (48,000 USD).A lack of natural resources such as forests, agricultural plains, mineral deposits etc have forced Japan to build its economy on trade, to earn money to purchase the raw materials for the economy. Japan is the 5th largest importer and exporter in the world. It depends on importing certain commodities such as fuels, foodstuffs, chemicals, textiles and raw material from several countries for its industrial sectors. But Japan has also cultivated a mature industrial economy by reserving industrial leaders and technicians and a well-educated and industrious workforce, promoting a culture of high savings and investment rate and intensive promotion of industrial development and foreign trade, making it one of the major importers of technology and electronic de vices in the world. Japan experienced the greatest rate of economic growth From 1960s to 1980s, known as the ââ¬Ëpost war economic miracleââ¬â¢ jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-91952588254046518792019-11-18T15:57:00.001-08:002019-11-18T15:57:05.111-08:00Qualitative Research Problem and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsQualitative Research Problem and Design - Essay Example The main methods for collecting qualitative data include individual interviews, focus groups, observations and action research. Many factors were considered in deciding the appropriate research methodology. A qualitative approach is effective in solving the problem in this case because it can create new theories. As the researcher attempts to understand the topic, he or she will have to interact with the participants. In addition, the researcher will have to study existing information about the topic. The practice may lead to the discovery of a new theory. Qualitative research is important when addressing a new phenomenon in the society or examining an important issue in the country (Jamshed, 2014). The possibility of discovering a new theory is important because it could result in a better understanding of student performance in mathematical subjects. In addition, qualitative analysis is likely to explain the relationship between things and demonstrate their effect in that situation. As a result, it contributes towards the development of a better understanding of the issue. Furthermore, the method is characterized by observation or reading information. The researcher is expected to respond to the insights learned from this approach through writing. Consequently, it contributes towards the growth of the existing body of knowledge about a topic. Qualitative research is based on a theoretical framework (Bendassoli, 2013). As a result, it shall be addressing an important issue in the society that is important for the well-being of the society. Addressing the high failure rates will enable the country to enhance its competitiveness. Furthermore, qualitative research is flexible. Instead of applying a rigidly defined framework, research method and data collection style, a flexible approach is important in developing a holistic understanding of an issue. The method involves the collection of data using observational jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-18121307294460398042019-11-16T04:30:00.001-08:002019-11-16T04:30:04.246-08:00Organisational Change And Development In Royal MailOrganisational Change And Development In Royal Mail This assignment has been undertaken in order to examine and evaluate the modernisation of the Royal Mail. It will begin with identifying the reason for change within the company, and how the need for change was detected. After which the implementation of planned change in the Royal Mail will be discussed and its effectiveness will be evaluated. The resistant factors they met whilst trying to implement this modernisations programme will also be discussed. An evaluation of the planned change will be conducted in order to assess the extent of its effectiveness. The report will conclude will an analysis of the Business Transformation 2010 and Beyond National Agreement between Royal Mail the Communication Workers Union, implications for failure will be assessed from this agreement; theory will be linked throughout the report with evidence and discussion. Table of contents Introduction (p. 4-5) Main Findings Reasons for modernising the Royal Mail (p. 6-7) How change was planned in the Royal Mail (p. 8-10) Types of change (p. 11) Resistance to change in the Royal Mail (p. 12-13) Kurt Lewins 5 Force analysis applied to the Royal Mail (p. 14) Kotters 8 step plan applied to the Royal Mail (p. 15) Effectiveness of the Planned change in the Royal Mail (p. 16) Implications of failure (p. 16) Reference/Bibliography (p. 17-) Introduction The Royal Mail is part of the fabric of the country and the lives of the millions of people who use it every day. Uniquely it has the network of people and sorting offices spanning the country that can deliver to every household and business at one price, six days a week. But the future of this network is under threat as people increasingly switch to digital technology as their preferred way of communicating (Mandelson, 2009). Rollinson (2005) identified the term change refers to an organisation having to move from one situation to another, in the modern world being able to change can also be the dividing factor of an organisations failure or success, Beer and Nohria (2000) also identified that 70% of all change initiatives fail. Martinez et al (1997) identified five change objectives set out by Royal Mail in the 1980s as: privatization, modernization, commercialization, separation and automation, of these modernisation, which is the main focus of this report, automation and privatisation are still not finalised, thirteen years after this article was written. The Labour government has been pushing for privatisation of the Royal Mail for years ever since the Thatcher government, it believed the move would aid in financing part of the pension deficit and also make the company more competitive in this liberalised market, which was introduced in 2006. Lord Mandelson was pushing legislation up to 2009 in the hope of selling parts of the nationalised company (Hooper et al, 2008; Porter and Griffiths, 2008; Porter, 2009; Datamonitor, 2008). Hooper (2009) states that modernisations without privatisation would be very difficult due to the constant intervention from government, Private postal companies throughout the world have identified this constant intervention as the major factor in union disputes (Hooper et al, 2008). Resistance from the CWU on modernisation has been a constant topic as they believe that modernisation will bring about job losses, such resistance has especially been seen in the last two years by way of two massive strikes by postal workers (Poulter, 2009; Hooper et al, 2008). These strikes came at one of the worst times in UK history, a recession was in full force for the second in 2009, however after recording loses over many years the Royal Mail made a 4% profit in 2009 of à £184 million compared to 2008 figured of à £177 million, unfortunately this profit was overshadowed with the overall drop in group revenue due to a decline in mail volumes because of the downturn and a rise in digital media, this has led to a 5-7% yearly drop in sales since 2005, during this time staff were informed there would be pay freezes which inflamed already tense relations with the union (Royal Mail, 2009; Prince, 2009; Hooper et al, 2008). In 2000 the postal services act which governs the postal industry within the UK was introduced, the act provided for the Post Office to be converted to a PLC, set in place a new licensing system, gave the postal services commission (Postcomm) powers to protect the universal service, promote greater competition within the UK market and offer more protection to consumers with the introduction of Postwatch (Hooper et al, 2008). Main Findings Reasons for modernising the Royal Mail Hooper et al (2008) has stated for the Royal Mail to become competitive in this it must first become more efficient, in order to become more efficient it must modernise. It must be noted that even though the country is in a recession which had a major impact on the company, this was not a reason for the company to modernise (Hooper et al, 2008). There are eight reasons for modernisation of the Royal Mail listed below: Universal Postal Service (UPS): The main reason for change which the CWU also agreed upon is the survival of the UPS, which is the collection of mail six-days a week from 28 million homes and business across the UK, at prices which remain independent and set at a tariff no matter the distance up and covers five areas: up to 2kg for letters and packets (priority and non-priority), up to 20kg for parcels (non-priority), registered and insured service, international outbound services and offering services which support the security of mail (Hooper et al, 2008; POSTCOMM, 2010). Pricing: The introduction of a 5% weighted average increases by Royal Mail in 2007-2008 led to a reduction in revenues, sales volumes fell as customers increased their use of electronic media, business switched to competitors and there was an increased use of second class mail. It is known that the UK offers some of the lowest postal costs compared too many other European countries so increases are justify but the implementation must be able to offset lost revenue. As volumes fall due to digital media the better choice may be to implement price decreases instead to stimulate growth (Hooper et al, 2008). Pension deficit: This is one of the largest within the UK currently standing at à £4 billion; also until recently it was still possible to sign up for this pension. Figures in 2008 showed it had risen by à £2.5 billion since 2006 (75% increase). Due to the costs in paying the deficit, which is currently à £280 million per year and will continue for the next 15 years, competing within Europes liberalised market is made very difficult. The deficit is almost six times larger than the cash generated by Royal Mail making it a very volatile problem (Hooper et al, 2008). Improved efficiency: The Royal Mail is 40% less efficient compared to its competitors. Its network of mail centres and delivery offices have not been upgraded in years, Automation is severely inefficient with 70% of mail being sorted by machine compared to 95% in European companies, also all mail is hand delivered compared to 15% hand deliveries in Europe with walking sequence machines cover the remaining 85% (Hooper et al, 2008). Working practices: Certain working practices such as early finishes restrict Royal Mails efficiency to provide a better service, upon finishing rounds postal workers are eligible to return home no matter how early, they can also claim overtime on extra hours worked to finish a round or can decide to simply not finishing the round. Covering for absence only when receiving overtime, not using equipment at the instruction of the CWU and demarcation, employees refusing to work in other areas of the same site (Hooper et al, 2008). New technology: The volume of mail sent has been on a decline even since 2005, this is due to the rising use of digital media, this is being felt across the world with the UK showing one of the highest fall off figures, -3.2% in 2006-2007, however the internet also provides opportunities by way of the online shopping market as home deliveries have jumped in recent years making this a highly profitable market, also the Royal Mails use of machines to sort letters covers 70% while the some of the leading European companies are hitting 95% (Hooper et al, 2008; Warner, 2009). Competition: 2006 saw the Royal Mail lose its 350 year monopoly on the UK postal market, going forward any licensed operator can deliver mail to residential and business customers in the liberalised market of which Royal Mail controls 99% , although the Royal Mail still is required to provide a universal postal service (BBC, 2005), research conducted by Lawson (2010) indicates that the national operators in countries such as Germany and Sweden continued to hold onto the majority share of the market years after it became liberalised. Electronic media such as email is also a threat to the company as it become more popular. Transportation net working costs: The rising costs of fuel is having a hugely negative impact on the Royal Mail, employees uses over 30,000 vehicles to deliver mail (Hooper et al, 2008), the Royal Mail (2008) has identified a loss in revenue due to higher costs of fuel. However, Attwood (2010) states the Royal Mail is set to trial new Ford Transit vans powered by hydrogen-fuelled internal combustion engines in an effort to reduce fuel costs, plus they are also environmentally friendly as they only emit water vapour. How change was planned in the Royal Mail Planned change was a term first coined by Kurt Lewin to distinguish change that was consciously embarked upon and planned by an organisation, as averse to types of change that might come about by accident, by impulse or that might be forced on an organisation (Burnes, 2004). Hooper et al (2008) had reported that the universal postal service cannot continue under present policies, problem areas have been identified as the pension deficit, performance and relations between the Royal Mail, unions and the regulator. The BERR report of 2009 includes recommendation made by the Modernise or Decline report compiled by Hooper et al (2008), in which it identifies three main areas for the Postal Services Bill to address: Regulation: Transferring responsibility of regulation which Postcomm currently holds to Ofcom, providing for future financial support for the UPS, extending competition law powers to the postal market and providing for a new access regime (BERR, 2009). Pensions: Provide powers to establish a new government scheme, rights to move members to the new scheme, amend the existing scheme, set out a new division for Post Office Ltd employees and the ability to transfer assets from the scheme to government (BERR, 2009). Partnership: Royal Mail companies providing the UPS will remain in the public sector, part- privatisation of the Royal Mail, Hooper et al (2008) has identifies this as being a necessity if the company is to achieve modernisation and additional legislation being obligatory for a Government to sell more than a minority stake in the company (BERR, 2009). Planned change is more related to the Royal Mail compared to Emergent change as it involves strategically thought-out and planned objectives/goals, which are used to change the environment of an organisation, whereas emergent change is unpredictable and dynamic, does not work off plans compared to planned change and is continuous (Burnes, 2004) Although these changes were planned and most were implemented in the 2010 National Agreement, part-privatisation of the Royal Mail received alot of criticism from other party members and the CWU. due to the currently climate Peter Mandelson admitted he was unable to find a suitable candidate for the investment so ended the proposed privatisation plans from the postal services bill (Wintour and Webb, 2009). To fully understand planned change it is necessary to look at the works of Kurt Lewin who is regarded as being the father of planned change, he believed that only through learning and the understanding of the environment in which an individual is based, could a resolution to social conflicts be achieved and improved. Lewin developed four methods which were necessary in reaching planned change; three-step model, field theory, group dynamics and action research (Burnes, 2004). The Three-Step model: This is praised as being Lewins contribution to the study of organisational change, although the three-step model was not intended to stand alone but be part of his over-all Planned approach to change, which also included the field theory, group dynamics and action research (Burnes, 2004). The three step model is based on Lewins belief that successful change is brought about by using three steps moving from one fixed state (Unfreezing) through an advanced shift (Moving), to another fixed state (Refreezing). Unfreezing involves the creation of the right conditions in which change can occur, people create a sense of familiarity with their surroundings and any change no matter how minor will cause resistance (Burnes, 2004). The goal is to move a person to a change ready/unfrozen state. This was accomplished between the Royal Mail and the CWU through the 2010 National Agreement in which both parties, after years of bitter disputes have agreed to improve their relationship for the better of the company, employees and customers (Burnes, 2004; National Agreement, 2010). Burnes (2004) identifies the next stage in Lewins model as Moving, which he describes as being on a journey taking people to the Unfrozen state, old ways are in the past and the new are in the development stage of being implemented, it is here that support should be given to employees to assist with the changes being introduced (Burnes, 2004). The Royal Mail is in the Moving stage of the 2010 National Agreement as they try to implement new modern and efficient changes to the company by way of automation, technology and industrial relationships. This will take time to fully execute, Lewins model states that without reinforcement change is short lived, both sides must begin to agree soon on the changes otherwise relationships will begin to break down once again (Burnes, 2004; National Agreement, 2010). Refreeze is the final step in which the environment is stabilised, its sometimes difficult to separate from moving, many organisations dont fully implement the whole extent of the change as another form of change is usually on the rise. This stage cannot be evaluated as the 2010 National Agreement between the Royal Mail and the CWU is still being implemented at this time (Burnes, 2004; National Agreement, 2010). Types of change Due to outside influences driving change organisations are forced to keep up to speed, if change is required the appropriate changes are implements to reflect these external environmental factors in a timely and smoothly manner so to avoid putting added pressure on the company (Price, 2009). Grundy stated that many managers viewed change as being the same whilst others viewed it as having a negative impact, he identified three types of change as smooth and incremental, bumpy incremental and discontinuous, the Royal Mail uses none of these types (Senior, 2002; Price, 2009). Incremental change Continuous Change Punctuated Equilibrium Burnes (2004) identifies two other type of change as continuous transformation, which identifies the need for regular dramatic adjustments in organisations change like regular training of staff, and punctuated equilibrium, this recognises that change can occur at erratic and explosive periods of time (Senior, 2002; Price, 2009). Punctuated equilibrium is the type of change more associated with the Royal Mail, one outlining factor is the company has not changed in many years but in 2010 reached a groundbreaking agreement with the CWU for implementation for such things as a 6.9% pay rise plus working hours reduced to 39 (Hooley et al, 2008; National Agreement, 2010). Resistance to change in the Royal Mail Resistance doesnt necessarily surface in standardised ways. Resistance can be overt, implicit, immediate, or deferred. It is easiest for management to deal with resistance with it is overt or immediate. The greater challenge is managing resistance that is implicit or deferred (Robbins, 2001) Burnes (2004) identified resistance to change as the obstacles created by others to stop change; some forces will be more resistant than others such as the actions taken when people feel change to be a threatening factor, such as the modernisations planned by the Royal Mail, this has received huge resistance from employees and their union through planned strikes throughout the last two years, as they perceived the modernisation process would reduce staff numbers. The report identifies four main forces against the change process at the Royal Mail: Union resistance: The CWU also known as the Communications Workers Union is the largest union for the communications industry in the UK; it has 250,000 members most of which are Royal Mail employees, and was formed in 1995 (CWU, 2010). The sheer size of union makes it a very powerful force to be reckoned with, its also well documented throughout the years that the CWU and management at Royal Mail have very different views on what is best for the company, resulting in strikes against the modernised plan proposed by the Royal Mail, this was because the CWU felt its members were at risk from new technological advancements that they felt would result in staff numbers being reduced (Hooper et al, 2008). This could also be a result of the CWU using this tactic as a means of living up to a unions reputation with Warner (2009) adding that the chronic union militancy that once characterised shipbuilding, steel, car making and coal industries lives on in Royal Mail. Management and employee relations is poor: There is a long history of poor industrial relations between the Royal Mail management and CWU which continues to this day, this has impacted severely on the company to the extent that it has prevented the Royal Mail from modernising and expanding which has led to a high level of inefficiency (Hooper et al, 2008). However, with the introduction of the Business Transformation 2010 and beyond agreement Both parties agree that central to success is the need to fundamentally transform relationships and quickly build a culture of mutual interest between managers, union and employees. Reluctance in staff to use new technology: Staff in the Royal Mail believes that through the use of new technology certain position within the company will become redundant, and due to advice from the CWU they have refused to use this modern machinery which would aid in the efficiency of the Royal Mail (Hooper et al, 2008). Employees disliking the modernisation plan: Adam Crozier who was the chief executive of Royal Mail from 2003 to 2010 is quoted as saying: Change is difficult for everyone, but Royal Mail has no alternative but to change and modernise if it is to compete in todays highly competitive communications market. This is against the wave of criticism from employees and unions against the proposed modernisation plan due to uncertainty felt for their position (Thomas, 2009). Management at Royal Mail have declared that the plan is already seeing results with operating profits up à £7 million in 2009 compared to the year previous, however employees and the CWU have stated that they believe they deserve to be rewarded for the success they have brought to this change process, which has delivered a 4% increase in half-year profits. A pay freeze is no way to thank staff who have seen colleagues leave and workloads rise (Thomas, 2009). This pay freeze was proposed due to the recession in a bid to counter its affects; it only resulted in already strained industrial relations becoming more intense (Prince, 2009). A gradual introduction of more work due to reduced staff numbers would have been a better plan when engaging with staff. Kurt Lewins 5 Force Field Analyses This analysis by Lewin was developed in the 1960s, its based on the assumption that when the need for change arises there will be forces for and against change; the theory states that when two forces are equal change can only happen if the force for change is strengthened and the force against change weakened (Senior and Fleming, 2006). The forces for and against change within the Royal Mail Group are listed below: Driving Forces: Restraining forces: Universal service Pricing Pension deficit Improved efficiency Working practices New technology Competition Transportation net working costs Modernisation process Union resistance Management and employee relations is poor Reluctance in staff to use new technology Employees disliking the modernisation plan The restraining force of staff reluctance to use new technology is in direct contrast to the driving force of new technology, the driving force of new technology can only be accomplished if the restraining force to use new technology is weakened. This was accomplished with the introduction of the Business Transformation 2010 and Beyond agreement which states, Royal Mails investment in new equipment and technology is a fundamental part of transforming the operation, this was accomplished by introducing new ways of working, including workload measurement, compliance to standard, engineering team coach, maintenance of equipment outside of the mail centre and technical operators (National Agreement, 2010). A new development plan for training and professional development plus apprenticeships in line with standards applying to Engineers based at HWDC. This was agreed by CWU which meant the restraining force was weakened so the driving force for new technology was strengthened and is in the process of being implemented (National Agreement, 2010). Kotters Eight-Step Plan Burnes (2004) identified that in order for change to be successful all of the eight stages in Kotters plan must be completed in sequence, any deviation from these steps will result in problems for the organisation. The Royal Mail did manage to achieve some steps but many more have still to come as the company finally embraces modernisation. Step 1 Create urgency: May 1997, deciding that modernisation was required, March 2010, finally implementing it. Step 2 Form coalition: Management and unions agreeing to work on a modernisation plan. Step 3 Create new visions discussions on the Business Transformation 2010. Step 4 Communicate the vision (Unfreezing): Introduction of the Business Transformation 2010. Step 5 Empower others Step 6 Reward wins (Movement) Step 7 Consolidate improvements Step 8 Reinforce the change (Refreezing) Effectiveness of the Planned change in the Royal Mail With the introduction of the Business Transformation 2010 it gives hope to the belief that harmony has finally been reached between the Royal Mail, CWU and employees. Adam Crozier, commented: This agreement is good for the business as it allows Royal Mail to get on with its modernisation, its a good and fair deal for our people, and its a good deal for our customers as it ensures stability over the next three years (ICM, 2010). The main points of the agreement will be the introduction of a 39 hour working week, 6.9% pay rise, more job security for employees, CWU to be involved in all change matters going-forward, and the Royal Mail to remain a 75% full-time industry (CWU, 2010). These changes have been agreed on the basis that employees will embrace the Royal Mails à £2 billion modernisation plan which includes the introduction of new automated machinery and delivery equipment (ICM, 2010). Dave Ward, CWU Deputy General Secretary, said: Its been a long time coming, but this deal delivers on the major issues which postal workers have fought for. Theres a balance of pay and operational changes which will help offset job losses and ensure our members are fairly rewarded for change. Both sides seem to be in agreement for the first time is years that modernisation is the way forward for the Royal Mail, but has this planned change been implemented too late, will the refusal of employees to let modernisation be implemented sooner be the downfall of the Royal Mail, rival companies such as Deutsche Post and TNT have still managed to make substantial profits even with the added downturn in the postal market due to the recession and the explosion of the digital era (BERR, 2009). There is also the added concern of the pension deficit which stands at à £4 billion, one of the largest in the UK, which the Royal Mail is required to make contribution into every year. It begs the question of how can a company who has such a huge cost output every year make proper investments into the future and still manage to return a profit (BERR, 2009), and will these investment in new technology and automation bring the rewards that Royal Mail believes it will, even with many people moving to digital media (BERR, 2009). Implications of failure The universal postal service is important. The ability to deliver items to all 28 million business and residential addresses in the UK is part of our economic and social glue (Hooper et al, 2008). As agreements listed in the Business Transformation 2010 for the organization have finally been reached, the implication for failure for the Royal Mail would be the loss of the universal postal service. It has been mentioned many times in this report the importance of the UPS to the UK and its people, also the loss of a public service that so many have fought to keep in the public domain, against recommendations made by the Hopper et al (2008) and BERR (2009) reports to part privatise the company. Without modernisation eventually the Royal Mail will decline taking with it masses amounts of tax payers money that was used to keep the company afloat, leaving many unemployed which would be a tragedy for the UK who are still suffering the effects of a world-wide economic recession. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8244741214221123842.post-57982332045515494882019-11-13T17:00:00.001-08:002019-11-13T17:00:04.198-08:00The Devestating Effects of Popcorn :: essays research papers One of the biggest threats to freedom in our world today is the ever-looming possibility that someone will realize the true power of popcorn and bring world leaders to their knees. Popcorn holds a power that to this point has remained untapped. However, if placed in the hands of a terrorist organization, the true power of popcorn could be unleashed to wreak havoc on innocent men, women and children. à à à à à Millions of people each year have the luxury of eating popcorn freely. Each night in this country alone, thousands of people flock to movie theaters to enjoy a large tub of popcorn while watching a new movie. Month after month the movies on the screen continue to change, following and sometimes affecting world trends, beliefs and styles. Through it all, the popcorn remains the same. It continues to draw the movie patrons back to the theater with the bitter taste of salt mixed with a golden layer of liquid butter. Already, many around the globe have been blindly enslaved to the irresistible experience of leisurely consuming a tub of popcorn while tucked within the dark confines of a crowded picture show. à à à à à Large snack corporations have manufactured their own plans to cash in on the subconscious popcorn craze that is sweeping the globe. They perpetuate the popcorn security risk by delivering taste variations. With a light dusting of cheddar cheese or a quick dip into a caramel pool the popcorn is transformed, bringing new tastes to life that now fill the isles at every grocery store. In doing so, a whole new generation of popcorn lovers are captured who couldnââ¬â¢t possibly know the grave position they are placing themselves in. à à à à à And proving that every movement has a following determined to do things their own way, some have taken to popping their own popcorn in the comfort of their homes. These renegades have tried to free themselves from a herd mentality by refusing to follow the crowd to a central location to partake in their favorite snack. They have still unknowingly resigned themselves to the same fate by falling under popcornââ¬â¢s powerful spell. à à à à à A terrorist organization armed with this knowledge could potentially seize control of the worldââ¬â¢s supply of popcorn and do so without much trouble. Our world leaders are unaware or choose to ignore this threat, and refuse to protect the supply lines of popcorn with the worldââ¬â¢s finest armies. jessicahernand82http://www.blogger.com/profile/01638502684916643212noreply@blogger.com0